Hi Certain,
This behavior is not related to Autopilot or Intune but rather to the macOS Remote Desktop client itself. The Windows client succeeds because it can fully process the workspace feed, while the Mac client often fails silently when the feed contains unsupported resources or when conditional access policies are enforced in a way the macOS client cannot handle. The absence of diagnostic logs is typical, but you can enable verbose logging by running the app with log show --predicate 'process == "Microsoft Remote Desktop"' --style syslog to capture failures. In practice, the most reliable fix is to confirm that the workspace URL is published via RD Web Feed in a format compatible with macOS, and to ensure that the tenant is not requiring legacy authentication or unsupported redirection methods. Also verify that the client is updated to the latest build from the Mac App Store, as several releases after 10.7.9 addressed workspace subscription crashes. If the issue persists even with the latest version and a clean profile, it is a known limitation of the macOS client and you will need to open a support case with Microsoft, since only they can provide a patch for the feed parsing failure.
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Harry.