Char Estructura

Definición

public value class char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>

public value class char : IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, IParsable<char>, ISpanParsable<char>, IUtf8SpanParsable<char>, System::Numerics::IAdditionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IAdditiveIdentity<char, char>, System::Numerics::IBinaryInteger<char>, System::Numerics::IBinaryNumber<char>, System::Numerics::IBitwiseOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IComparisonOperators<char, char, bool>, System::Numerics::IDecrementOperators<char>, System::Numerics::IDivisionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IEqualityOperators<char, char, bool>, System::Numerics::IIncrementOperators<char>, System::Numerics::IMinMaxValue<char>, System::Numerics::IModulusOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IMultiplicativeIdentity<char, char>, System::Numerics::IMultiplyOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::INumber<char>, System::Numerics::INumberBase<char>, System::Numerics::IShiftOperators<char, int, char>, System::Numerics::ISubtractionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnaryNegationOperators<char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnaryPlusOperators<char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnsignedNumber<char>

public value class char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, ISpanFormattable

public value class char : IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, IParsable<char>, ISpanParsable<char>, System::Numerics::IAdditionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IAdditiveIdentity<char, char>, System::Numerics::IBinaryInteger<char>, System::Numerics::IBinaryNumber<char>, System::Numerics::IBitwiseOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IComparisonOperators<char, char, bool>, System::Numerics::IDecrementOperators<char>, System::Numerics::IDivisionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IEqualityOperators<char, char, bool>, System::Numerics::IIncrementOperators<char>, System::Numerics::IMinMaxValue<char>, System::Numerics::IModulusOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IMultiplicativeIdentity<char, char>, System::Numerics::IMultiplyOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::INumber<char>, System::Numerics::INumberBase<char>, System::Numerics::IShiftOperators<char, int, char>, System::Numerics::ISubtractionOperators<char, char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnaryNegationOperators<char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnaryPlusOperators<char, char>, System::Numerics::IUnsignedNumber<char>

public value class char : IComparable, IConvertible

public value class char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IEquatable<char>

public struct Char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>

public readonly struct Char : IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, IParsable<char>, ISpanParsable<char>, IUtf8SpanParsable<char>, System.Numerics.IAdditionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IAdditiveIdentity<char,char>, System.Numerics.IBinaryInteger<char>, System.Numerics.IBinaryNumber<char>, System.Numerics.IBitwiseOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IComparisonOperators<char,char,bool>, System.Numerics.IDecrementOperators<char>, System.Numerics.IDivisionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IEqualityOperators<char,char,bool>, System.Numerics.IIncrementOperators<char>, System.Numerics.IMinMaxValue<char>, System.Numerics.IModulusOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IMultiplicativeIdentity<char,char>, System.Numerics.IMultiplyOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.INumber<char>, System.Numerics.INumberBase<char>, System.Numerics.IShiftOperators<char,int,char>, System.Numerics.ISubtractionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnaryNegationOperators<char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnaryPlusOperators<char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnsignedNumber<char>

public readonly struct Char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>

public readonly struct Char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, ISpanFormattable

public readonly struct Char : IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>, IParsable<char>, ISpanParsable<char>, System.Numerics.IAdditionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IAdditiveIdentity<char,char>, System.Numerics.IBinaryInteger<char>, System.Numerics.IBinaryNumber<char>, System.Numerics.IBitwiseOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IComparisonOperators<char,char,bool>, System.Numerics.IDecrementOperators<char>, System.Numerics.IDivisionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IEqualityOperators<char,char,bool>, System.Numerics.IIncrementOperators<char>, System.Numerics.IMinMaxValue<char>, System.Numerics.IModulusOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IMultiplicativeIdentity<char,char>, System.Numerics.IMultiplyOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.INumber<char>, System.Numerics.INumberBase<char>, System.Numerics.IShiftOperators<char,int,char>, System.Numerics.ISubtractionOperators<char,char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnaryNegationOperators<char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnaryPlusOperators<char,char>, System.Numerics.IUnsignedNumber<char>

[System.Serializable]
public struct Char : IComparable, IConvertible

[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public struct Char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IConvertible, IEquatable<char>

public struct Char : IComparable, IComparable<char>, IEquatable<char>

type char = struct
    interface IConvertible

type char = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<char>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<char>
    interface IUtf8SpanFormattable
    interface IUtf8SpanParsable<char>
    interface IAdditionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<char, char>
    interface IBinaryInteger<char>
    interface IBinaryNumber<char>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IComparisonOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<char>
    interface IDivisionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IIncrementOperators<char>
    interface IModulusOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<char, char>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<char, char, char>
    interface INumber<char>
    interface INumberBase<char>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<char, char>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<char, char>
    interface IShiftOperators<char, int, char>
    interface IMinMaxValue<char>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<char>

type char = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface IFormattable

type char = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<char>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<char>
    interface IAdditionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<char, char>
    interface IBinaryInteger<char>
    interface IBinaryNumber<char>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IComparisonOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<char>
    interface IDivisionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IIncrementOperators<char>
    interface IModulusOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<char, char>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<char, char, char>
    interface INumber<char>
    interface INumberBase<char>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<char, char>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<char, char>
    interface IShiftOperators<char, int, char>
    interface IMinMaxValue<char>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<char>

type char = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<char>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<char>
    interface IAdditionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<char, char>
    interface IBinaryInteger<char>
    interface IBinaryNumber<char>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IComparisonOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<char, char, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<char>
    interface IDivisionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IIncrementOperators<char>
    interface IModulusOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<char, char>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<char, char, char>
    interface INumber<char>
    interface INumberBase<char>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<char, char, char>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<char, char>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<char, char>
    interface IUtf8SpanFormattable
    interface IUtf8SpanParsable<char>
    interface IShiftOperators<char, int, char>
    interface IMinMaxValue<char>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<char>

[<System.Serializable>]
type char = struct
    interface IConvertible

[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type char = struct
    interface IConvertible

type char = struct

Public Structure Char
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Char), IConvertible, IEquatable(Of Char)

Public Structure Char
Implements IAdditionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IAdditiveIdentity(Of Char, Char), IBinaryInteger(Of Char), IBinaryNumber(Of Char), IBitwiseOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IComparable(Of Char), IComparisonOperators(Of Char, Char, Boolean), IConvertible, IDecrementOperators(Of Char), IDivisionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IEqualityOperators(Of Char, Char, Boolean), IEquatable(Of Char), IIncrementOperators(Of Char), IMinMaxValue(Of Char), IModulusOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IMultiplicativeIdentity(Of Char, Char), IMultiplyOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), INumber(Of Char), INumberBase(Of Char), IParsable(Of Char), IShiftOperators(Of Char, Integer, Char), ISpanParsable(Of Char), ISubtractionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IUnaryNegationOperators(Of Char, Char), IUnaryPlusOperators(Of Char, Char), IUnsignedNumber(Of Char), IUtf8SpanParsable(Of Char)

Public Structure Char
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Char), IConvertible, IEquatable(Of Char), ISpanFormattable

Public Structure Char
Implements IAdditionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IAdditiveIdentity(Of Char, Char), IBinaryInteger(Of Char), IBinaryNumber(Of Char), IBitwiseOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IComparable(Of Char), IComparisonOperators(Of Char, Char, Boolean), IConvertible, IDecrementOperators(Of Char), IDivisionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IEqualityOperators(Of Char, Char, Boolean), IEquatable(Of Char), IIncrementOperators(Of Char), IMinMaxValue(Of Char), IModulusOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IMultiplicativeIdentity(Of Char, Char), IMultiplyOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), INumber(Of Char), INumberBase(Of Char), IParsable(Of Char), IShiftOperators(Of Char, Integer, Char), ISpanParsable(Of Char), ISubtractionOperators(Of Char, Char, Char), IUnaryNegationOperators(Of Char, Char), IUnaryPlusOperators(Of Char, Char), IUnsignedNumber(Of Char)

Public Structure Char
Implements IComparable, IConvertible

Public Structure Char
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Char), IEquatable(Of Char)

Herencia

Object

ValueType

Char

Atributos

SerializableAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

Implementaciones

IComparable IComparable<Char> IConvertible IEquatable<Char> IComparable<TSelf> IEquatable<TSelf> IFormattable IParsable<Char> IParsable<TSelf> ISpanFormattable ISpanParsable<Char> ISpanParsable<TSelf> IUtf8SpanFormattable IUtf8SpanParsable<Char> IUtf8SpanParsable<TSelf> IAdditionOperators<Char,Char,Char> IAdditionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IAdditiveIdentity<Char,Char> IAdditiveIdentity<TSelf,TSelf> IBinaryInteger<Char> IBinaryNumber<Char> IBinaryNumber<TSelf> IBitwiseOperators<Char,Char,Char> IBitwiseOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IComparisonOperators<Char,Char,Boolean> IComparisonOperators<TSelf,TSelf,Boolean> IDecrementOperators<Char> IDecrementOperators<TSelf> IDivisionOperators<Char,Char,Char> IDivisionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IEqualityOperators<Char,Char,Boolean> IEqualityOperators<TSelf,TOther,TResult> IEqualityOperators<TSelf,TSelf,Boolean> IIncrementOperators<Char> IIncrementOperators<TSelf> IMinMaxValue<Char> IModulusOperators<Char,Char,Char> IModulusOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IMultiplicativeIdentity<Char,Char> IMultiplicativeIdentity<TSelf,TSelf> IMultiplyOperators<Char,Char,Char> IMultiplyOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> INumber<Char> INumber<TSelf> INumberBase<Char> INumberBase<TSelf> IShiftOperators<Char,Int32,Char> IShiftOperators<TSelf,Int32,TSelf> ISubtractionOperators<Char,Char,Char> ISubtractionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IUnaryNegationOperators<Char,Char> IUnaryNegationOperators<TSelf,TSelf> IUnaryPlusOperators<Char,Char> IUnaryPlusOperators<TSelf,TSelf> IUnsignedNumber<Char>

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestran algunos de los métodos de Char.

using System;

public class CharStructureSample
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        char chA = 'A';
        char ch1 = '1';
        string str = "test string";

        Console.WriteLine(chA.CompareTo('B'));          //-----------  Output: "-1" (meaning 'A' is 1 less than 'B')
        Console.WriteLine(chA.Equals('A'));             //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.GetNumericValue(ch1));   //-----------  Output: "1"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsControl('\t'));        //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsDigit(ch1));           //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsLetter(','));          //-----------  Output: "False"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsLower('u'));           //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsNumber(ch1));          //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsPunctuation('.'));     //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsSeparator(str, 4));    //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsSymbol('+'));          //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsWhiteSpace(str, 4));   //-----------  Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.Parse("S"));             //-----------  Output: "S"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.ToLower('M'));           //-----------  Output: "m"
        Console.WriteLine('x'.ToString());              //-----------  Output: "x"
    }
}

open System

let chA = 'A'
let ch1 = '1'
let str = "test string"

printfn $"{chA.CompareTo 'B'}"          //-----------  Output: "-1" (meaning 'A' is 1 less than 'B')
printfn $"{chA.Equals 'A'}"             //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.GetNumericValue ch1}"   //-----------  Output: "1"
printfn $"{Char.IsControl '\t'}"        //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsDigit ch1}"           //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsLetter ','}"          //-----------  Output: "False"
printfn $"{Char.IsLower 'u'}"           //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsNumber ch1}"          //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsPunctuation '.'}"     //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsSeparator(str, 4)}"   //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsSymbol '+'}"          //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"{Char.IsWhiteSpace(str, 4)}"  //-----------  Output: "True"
printfn $"""{Char.Parse "S"}"""         //-----------  Output: "S"
printfn $"{Char.ToLower 'M'}"           //-----------  Output: "m"
printfn $"{'x'}"                        //-----------  Output: "x"

Module CharStructure

    Public Sub Main()

        Dim chA As Char
        chA = "A"c
        Dim ch1 As Char
        ch1 = "1"c
        Dim str As String
        str = "test string"

        Console.WriteLine(chA.CompareTo("B"c))          ' Output: "-1" (meaning 'A' is 1 less than 'B')
        Console.WriteLine(chA.Equals("A"c))             ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.GetNumericValue(ch1))    ' Output: "1"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsControl(Chr(9)))       ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsDigit(ch1))            ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsLetter(","c))          ' Output: "False"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsLower("u"c))           ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsNumber(ch1))           ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsPunctuation("."c))     ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsSeparator(str, 4))     ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsSymbol("+"c))          ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.IsWhiteSpace(str, 4))    ' Output: "True"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.Parse("S"))              ' Output: "S"
        Console.WriteLine(Char.ToLower("M"c))           ' Output: "m"
        Console.WriteLine("x"c.ToString())              ' Output: "x"

    End Sub

End Module

Comentarios

La Char estructura representa puntos de código Unicode mediante codificación UTF-16. El valor de un Char objeto es su valor numérico de 16 bits (ordinal).

Si no está familiarizado con Unicode, valores escalares, puntos de código, pares suplentes, UTF-16 y el tipo, vea Rune.

En este artículo se examina la relación entre un Char objeto y un carácter y se describen algunas tareas comunes realizadas con Char instancias. Recomendamos considerar el tipo Rune, introducido en .NET Core 3.0, como alternativa a Char para realizar algunas de estas tareas.

Objetos Char, caracteres Unicode y cadenas

Un String objeto es una colección secuencial de Char estructuras que representa una cadena de texto. La mayoría de los caracteres Unicode se pueden representar mediante un único Char objeto, pero un carácter codificado como carácter base, par suplente o secuencia de caracteres combinado se representa mediante varios Char objetos. Por este motivo, una Char estructura de un String objeto no es necesariamente equivalente a un único carácter Unicode.

Se usan varias unidades de código de 16 bits para representar caracteres Unicode únicos en los casos siguientes:

• Glifos, que pueden constar de un solo carácter o de un carácter base seguidos de uno o varios caracteres combinados. Por ejemplo, el carácter ä se representa mediante un Char objeto cuya unidad de código es U+0061 seguida de un Char objeto cuya unidad de código es U+0308. (El carácter ä también se puede definir mediante un único Char objeto que tiene una unidad de código de U+00E4). En el ejemplo siguiente se muestra que el carácter ä consta de dos Char objetos.

  using System;
  using System.IO;
  
  public class Example1
  {
      public static void Main()
      {
          StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("chars1.txt");
          char[] chars = [ '\u0061', '\u0308' ];
          string strng = new String(chars);
          sw.WriteLine(strng);
          sw.Close();
      }
  }
  // The example produces the following output:
  //       ä
  

  open System
  open System.IO
  
  let sw = new StreamWriter("chars1.txt")
  let chars = [| '\u0061'; '\u0308' |]
  let string = String chars
  sw.WriteLine string
  sw.Close()
  
  // The example produces the following output:
  //       ä
  

  Imports System.IO
  
  Module Example2
      Public Sub Main()
          Dim sw As New StreamWriter("chars1.txt")
          Dim chars() As Char = {ChrW(&H61), ChrW(&H308)}
          Dim strng As New String(chars)
          sw.WriteLine(strng)
          sw.Close()
      End Sub
  End Module
  ' The example produces the following output:
  '       ä
  

• Caracteres fuera del Plano Multilingüe Básico (BMP) de Unicode. Unicode admite dieciséis planos además del BMP, que representa el plano 0. Un punto de código Unicode se representa en UTF-32 por un valor de 21 bits que incluye el plano. Por ejemplo, U+1D160 representa el carácter MUSICAL SYMBOL EIGHTH NOTE. Dado que la codificación UTF-16 solo tiene 16 bits, los caracteres fuera del BMP se representan mediante pares suplentes en UTF-16. En el ejemplo siguiente se muestra que el equivalente UTF-32 de U+1D160, el carácter MUSICAL SYMBOL EIGHTH NOTE, es U+D834 U+DD60. U+D834 es el suplente alto; los suplentes altos oscilan entre U+D800 y U+DBFF. U+DD60 es el suplente bajo; Los suplentes bajos oscilan entre U+DC00 y U+DFFF.

  using System;
  using System.IO;
  
  public class Example3
  {
      public static void Main()
      {
          StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(@".\chars2.txt");
          int utf32 = 0x1D160;
          string surrogate = Char.ConvertFromUtf32(utf32);
          sw.WriteLine($"U+{utf32:X6} UTF-32 = {surrogate} ({ShowCodePoints(surrogate)}) UTF-16");
          sw.Close();
      }
  
      private static string ShowCodePoints(string value)
      {
          string retval = null;
          foreach (var ch in value)
              retval += $"U+{Convert.ToUInt16(ch):X4} ";
  
          return retval.Trim();
      }
  }
  // The example produces the following output:
  //       U+01D160 UTF-32 = ð (U+D834 U+DD60) UTF-16
  

  open System
  open System.IO
  
  let showCodePoints (value: char seq) =
      let str =
          value
          |> Seq.map (fun ch -> $"U+{Convert.ToUInt16 ch:X4}")
          |> String.concat ""
      str.Trim()
  
  let sw = new StreamWriter(@".\chars2.txt")
  let utf32 = 0x1D160
  let surrogate = Char.ConvertFromUtf32 utf32
  sw.WriteLine $"U+{utf32:X6} UTF-32 = {surrogate} ({showCodePoints surrogate}) UTF-16"
  sw.Close()
  
  // The example produces the following output:
  //       U+01D160 UTF-32 = ð (U+D834 U+DD60) UTF-16
  

  Imports System.IO
  
  Module Example4
      Public Sub Main()
          Dim sw As New StreamWriter(".\chars2.txt")
          Dim utf32 As Integer = &H1D160
          Dim surrogate As String = Char.ConvertFromUtf32(utf32)
          sw.WriteLine("U+{0:X6} UTF-32 = {1} ({2}) UTF-16",
                     utf32, surrogate, ShowCodePoints(surrogate))
          sw.Close()
      End Sub
  
      Private Function ShowCodePoints(value As String) As String
          Dim retval As String = Nothing
          For Each ch In value
              retval += String.Format("U+{0:X4} ", Convert.ToUInt16(ch))
          Next
          Return retval.Trim()
      End Function
  End Module
  ' The example produces the following output:
  '       U+01D160 UTF-32 = ð (U+D834 U+DD60) UTF-16
  

Caracteres y categorías de caracteres

Cada carácter Unicode o un par suplente válido pertenece a una categoría Unicode. En .NET, las categorías Unicode se representan mediante miembros de la UnicodeCategory enumeración e incluyen valores como UnicodeCategory.CurrencySymbol, UnicodeCategory.LowercaseLettery UnicodeCategory.SpaceSeparator, por ejemplo.

Para determinar la categoría Unicode de un carácter, llame al GetUnicodeCategory método . Por ejemplo, en el ejemplo siguiente se llama GetUnicodeCategory a para mostrar la categoría Unicode de cada carácter de una cadena. El ejemplo solo funciona correctamente si no hay ningún par suplente en la String instancia.

using System;
using System.Globalization;

class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Define a string with a variety of character categories.
      String s = "The red car drove down the long, narrow, secluded road.";
      // Determine the category of each character.
      foreach (var ch in s)
         Console.WriteLine($"'{ch}': {Char.GetUnicodeCategory(ch)}");
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//      'T': UppercaseLetter
//      'h': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'c': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'v': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'w': LowercaseLetter
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      't': LowercaseLetter
//      'h': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'l': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      'g': LowercaseLetter
//      ',': OtherPunctuation
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'w': LowercaseLetter
//      ',': OtherPunctuation
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      's': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'c': LowercaseLetter
//      'l': LowercaseLetter
//      'u': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      '.': OtherPunctuation

open System

// Define a string with a variety of character categories.
let s = "The red car drove down the long, narrow, secluded road."
// Determine the category of each character.
for ch in s do
    printfn $"'{ch}': {Char.GetUnicodeCategory ch}"

// The example displays the following output:
//      'T': UppercaseLetter
//      'h': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'c': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'v': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'w': LowercaseLetter
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      't': LowercaseLetter
//      'h': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'l': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      'g': LowercaseLetter
//      ',': OtherPunctuation
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'n': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'w': LowercaseLetter
//      ',': OtherPunctuation
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      's': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'c': LowercaseLetter
//      'l': LowercaseLetter
//      'u': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      'e': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      ' ': SpaceSeparator
//      'r': LowercaseLetter
//      'o': LowercaseLetter
//      'a': LowercaseLetter
//      'd': LowercaseLetter
//      '.': OtherPunctuation

Imports System.Globalization

Module Example1
    Public Sub Main()
        ' Define a string with a variety of character categories.
        Dim s As String = "The car drove down the narrow, secluded road."
        ' Determine the category of each character.
        For Each ch In s
            Console.WriteLine("'{0}': {1}", ch, Char.GetUnicodeCategory(ch))
        Next
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       'T': UppercaseLetter
'       'h': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'c': LowercaseLetter
'       'a': LowercaseLetter
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       'o': LowercaseLetter
'       'v': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       'o': LowercaseLetter
'       'w': LowercaseLetter
'       'n': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       't': LowercaseLetter
'       'h': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'l': LowercaseLetter
'       'o': LowercaseLetter
'       'n': LowercaseLetter
'       'g': LowercaseLetter
'       ',': OtherPunctuation
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'n': LowercaseLetter
'       'a': LowercaseLetter
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       'o': LowercaseLetter
'       'w': LowercaseLetter
'       ',': OtherPunctuation
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       's': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       'c': LowercaseLetter
'       'l': LowercaseLetter
'       'u': LowercaseLetter
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       'e': LowercaseLetter
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       ' ': SpaceSeparator
'       'r': LowercaseLetter
'       'o': LowercaseLetter
'       'a': LowercaseLetter
'       'd': LowercaseLetter
'       '.': OtherPunctuation

Internamente, para caracteres fuera del intervalo ASCII (U+0000 a U+00FF), el GetUnicodeCategory método depende de las categorías Unicode notificadas por la CharUnicodeInfo clase. Los caracteres Unicode se clasifican en función del estándar Unicode, versión 8.0.0.

Caracteres y elementos de texto

Dado que un solo carácter puede ser representado por múltiples objetos Char, no siempre es significativo trabajar con objetos individuales Char. Por ejemplo, en el ejemplo siguiente se convierten los puntos de código Unicode que representan los números Egeo cero a 9 a unidades de código codificadas UTF-16. Dado que equivale erróneamente Char a objetos con caracteres, informa inexactamente de que la cadena resultante tiene 20 caracteres.

using System;

public class Example5
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string result = String.Empty;
        for (int ctr = 0x10107; ctr <= 0x10110; ctr++)  // Range of Aegean numbers.
            result += Char.ConvertFromUtf32(ctr);

        Console.WriteLine($"The string contains {result.Length} characters.");
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//     The string contains 20 characters.

open System

let result =
    [ for i in 0x10107..0x10110 do  // Range of Aegean numbers.
        Char.ConvertFromUtf32 i ]
    |> String.concat ""

printfn $"The string contains {result.Length} characters."


// The example displays the following output:
//     The string contains 20 characters.

Module Example5
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim result As String = String.Empty
        For ctr As Integer = &H10107 To &H10110     ' Range of Aegean numbers.
            result += Char.ConvertFromUtf32(ctr)
        Next
        Console.WriteLine("The string contains {0} characters.", result.Length)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'     The string contains 20 characters.

Puede hacer lo siguiente para evitar la suposición de que un Char objeto representa un solo carácter:

• Puede trabajar con un String objeto en su totalidad en lugar de trabajar con sus caracteres individuales para representar y analizar contenido lingüístico.

• Puede usar String.EnumerateRunes como se muestra en el ejemplo siguiente:

  int CountLetters(string s)
  {
      int letterCount = 0;
  
      foreach (Rune rune in s.EnumerateRunes())
      {
          if (Rune.IsLetter(rune))
          { letterCount++; }
      }
  
      return letterCount;
  }
  

  let countLetters (s: string) =
      let mutable letterCount = 0
  
      for rune in s.EnumerateRunes() do
          if Rune.IsLetter rune then
              letterCount <- letterCount + 1
  
      letterCount
  

• Puede usar la StringInfo clase para trabajar con elementos de texto en lugar de objetos individuales Char . En el ejemplo siguiente se usa el StringInfo objeto para contar el número de elementos de texto de una cadena que consta de los números Egeo cero a nueve. Dado que considera un par suplente un solo carácter, notifica correctamente que la cadena contiene diez caracteres.

  using System;
  using System.Globalization;
  
  public class Example4
  {
      public static void Main()
      {
          string result = String.Empty;
          for (int ctr = 0x10107; ctr <= 0x10110; ctr++)  // Range of Aegean numbers.
              result += Char.ConvertFromUtf32(ctr);
  
          StringInfo si = new StringInfo(result);
          Console.WriteLine($"The string contains {si.LengthInTextElements} characters.");
      }
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       The string contains 10 characters.
  

  open System
  open System.Globalization
  
  let result =
      [ for i in 0x10107..0x10110 do  // Range of Aegean numbers.
          Char.ConvertFromUtf32 i ]
      |> String.concat ""
  
  
  let si = StringInfo result
  printfn $"The string contains {si.LengthInTextElements} characters."
  
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       The string contains 10 characters.
  

  Imports System.Globalization
  
  Module Example6
      Public Sub Main()
          Dim result As String = String.Empty
          For ctr As Integer = &H10107 To &H10110     ' Range of Aegean numbers.
              result += Char.ConvertFromUtf32(ctr)
          Next
          Dim si As New StringInfo(result)
          Console.WriteLine("The string contains {0} characters.", si.LengthInTextElements)
      End Sub
  End Module
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       The string contains 10 characters.
  

• Si una cadena contiene un carácter base que tiene uno o varios caracteres combinados, puede llamar al String.Normalize método para convertir la subcadena en una sola unidad de código codificada UTF-16. En el ejemplo siguiente se llama al método String.Normalize para convertir el carácter base U+0061 (letra minúscula latina A) y el carácter combinante U+0308 (diéresis combinante) a U+00E4 (letra minúscula latina A con diéresis).

  using System;
  
  public class Example2
  {
      public static void Main()
      {
          string combining = "\u0061\u0308";
          ShowString(combining);
  
          string normalized = combining.Normalize();
          ShowString(normalized);
      }
  
      private static void ShowString(string s)
      {
          Console.Write($"Length of string: {s.Length} (");
          for (int ctr = 0; ctr < s.Length; ctr++)
          {
              Console.Write($"U+{Convert.ToUInt16(s[ctr]):X4}");
              if (ctr != s.Length - 1) Console.Write(" ");
          }
          Console.WriteLine(")\n");
      }
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       Length of string: 2 (U+0061 U+0308)
  //
  //       Length of string: 1 (U+00E4)
  

  open System
  
  let showString (s: string) =
      printf $"Length of string: {s.Length} ("
      for i = 0 to s.Length - 1 do
          printf $"U+{Convert.ToUInt16 s[i]:X4}"
          if i <> s.Length - 1 then printf " "
      printfn ")\n"
  
  let combining = "\u0061\u0308"
  showString combining
  
  let normalized = combining.Normalize()
  showString normalized
  
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       Length of string: 2 (U+0061 U+0308)
  //
  //       Length of string: 1 (U+00E4)
  

  Module Example3
      Public Sub Main()
          Dim combining As String = ChrW(&H61) + ChrW(&H308)
          ShowString(combining)
  
          Dim normalized As String = combining.Normalize()
          ShowString(normalized)
      End Sub
  
      Private Sub ShowString(s As String)
          Console.Write("Length of string: {0} (", s.Length)
          For ctr As Integer = 0 To s.Length - 1
              Console.Write("U+{0:X4}", Convert.ToUInt16(s(ctr)))
              If ctr <> s.Length - 1 Then Console.Write(" ")
          Next
          Console.WriteLine(")")
          Console.WriteLine()
      End Sub
  End Module
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       Length of string: 2 (U+0061 U+0308)
  '       
  '       Length of string: 1 (U+00E4)
  

Operaciones comunes

La Char estructura proporciona métodos para comparar Char objetos, convertir el valor del objeto actual Char en un objeto de otro tipo y determinar la categoría Unicode de un Char objeto:

Valores de caracteres e interoperabilidad

Cuando un tipo administrado Char, que se representa como una unidad de código codificada en UTF-16 Unicode, se pasa a código no administrado, el mariscal de interoperabilidad convierte el conjunto de caracteres a ANSI por defecto. Puede aplicar el atributo DllImportAttribute a las declaraciones de invocación de plataforma y el atributo StructLayoutAttribute a una declaración de interoperabilidad COM para controlar qué conjunto de caracteres utiliza un tipo de Char marshallado.

Seguridad para subprocesos

Todos los miembros de este tipo son seguros para subprocesos. Los miembros que parecen modificar el estado de instancia devuelven realmente una nueva instancia inicializada con el nuevo valor. Al igual que con cualquier otro tipo, leer y escribir en una variable compartida que contenga una instancia de este tipo debe estar protegida por un bloqueo para garantizar la seguridad de los subprocesos.

Consulte también

• IComparable
• IConvertible
• String