DirectoryInfo 類別

定義

public ref class DirectoryInfo sealed : System::IO::FileSystemInfo

public sealed class DirectoryInfo : System.IO.FileSystemInfo

[System.Serializable]
public sealed class DirectoryInfo : System.IO.FileSystemInfo

[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public sealed class DirectoryInfo : System.IO.FileSystemInfo

type DirectoryInfo = class
    inherit FileSystemInfo

[<System.Serializable>]
type DirectoryInfo = class
    inherit FileSystemInfo

[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type DirectoryInfo = class
    inherit FileSystemInfo

Public NotInheritable Class DirectoryInfo
Inherits FileSystemInfo

繼承

Object

FileSystemInfo

DirectoryInfo

繼承

Object

MarshalByRefObject

FileSystemInfo

DirectoryInfo

屬性

SerializableAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

範例

以下範例展示了該 DirectoryInfo 類別中的一些主要成員。

using System;
using System.IO;

class Test
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Specify the directories you want to manipulate.
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(@"c:\MyDir");
        try
        {
            // Determine whether the directory exists.
            if (di.Exists)
            {
                // Indicate that the directory already exists.
                Console.WriteLine("That path exists already.");
                return;
            }

            // Try to create the directory.
            di.Create();
            Console.WriteLine("The directory was created successfully.");

            // Delete the directory.
            di.Delete();
            Console.WriteLine("The directory was deleted successfully.");
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The process failed: {0}", e.ToString());
        }
        finally {}
    }
}

open System.IO

// Specify the directories you want to manipulate.
let di = DirectoryInfo @"c:\MyDir"
try
    // Determine whether the directory exists.
    if di.Exists then
        // Indicate that the directory already exists.
        printfn "That path exists already."
    else
        // Try to create the directory.
        di.Create()
        printfn "The directory was created successfully."

        // Delete the directory.
        di.Delete()
        printfn "The directory was deleted successfully."
with e ->
    printfn $"The process failed: {e}"

Imports System.IO

Public Class Test
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Specify the directories you want to manipulate.
        Dim di As DirectoryInfo = New DirectoryInfo("c:\MyDir")
        Try
            ' Determine whether the directory exists.
            If di.Exists Then
                ' Indicate that it already exists.
                Console.WriteLine("That path exists already.")
                Return
            End If

            ' Try to create the directory.
            di.Create()
            Console.WriteLine("The directory was created successfully.")

            ' Delete the directory.
            di.Delete()
            Console.WriteLine("The directory was deleted successfully.")

        Catch e As Exception
            Console.WriteLine("The process failed: {0}", e.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
End Class

以下範例示範如何複製目錄及其內容。

using System;
using System.IO;

class CopyDir
{
    public static void CopyAll(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target)
    {
        if (source.FullName.ToLower() == target.FullName.ToLower())
        {
            return;
        }

        // Check if the target directory exists, if not, create it.
        if (!Directory.Exists(target.FullName))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(target.FullName);
        }

        // Copy each file into it's new directory.
        foreach (FileInfo fi in source.GetFiles())
        {
            Console.WriteLine(@"Copying {0}\{1}", target.FullName, fi.Name);
            fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.ToString(), fi.Name), true);
        }

        // Copy each subdirectory using recursion.
        foreach (DirectoryInfo diSourceSubDir in source.GetDirectories())
        {
            DirectoryInfo nextTargetSubDir =
                target.CreateSubdirectory(diSourceSubDir.Name);
            CopyAll(diSourceSubDir, nextTargetSubDir);
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        string sourceDirectory = @"c:\sourceDirectory";
        string targetDirectory = @"c:\targetDirectory";

        DirectoryInfo diSource = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDirectory);
        DirectoryInfo diTarget = new DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory);

        CopyAll(diSource, diTarget);
    }

    // Output will vary based on the contents of the source directory.
}

open System.IO

let rec copyAll (source: DirectoryInfo) (target: DirectoryInfo) =
    if source.FullName.ToLower() <> target.FullName.ToLower() then
        // Check if the target directory exists, if not, create it.
        if not (Directory.Exists target.FullName) then
            Directory.CreateDirectory target.FullName |> ignore

        // Copy each file into it's new directory.
        for fi in source.GetFiles() do
            printfn $@"Copying {target.FullName}\{fi.Name}"
            fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(string target, fi.Name), true) |> ignore

        // Copy each subdirectory using recursion.
        for diSourceSubDir in source.GetDirectories() do
            target.CreateSubdirectory diSourceSubDir.Name
            |> copyAll diSourceSubDir

let sourceDirectory = @"c:\sourceDirectory"
let targetDirectory = @"c:\targetDirectory"

let diSource = DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory
let diTarget = DirectoryInfo targetDirectory

copyAll diSource diTarget

// Output will vary based on the contents of the source directory.

Imports System.IO

Class CopyDir
    Shared Sub CopyAll(ByVal source As DirectoryInfo, ByVal target As DirectoryInfo)
        If (source.FullName.ToLower() = target.FullName.ToLower()) Then
            Return
        End If

        ' Check if the target directory exists, if not, create it.
        If Directory.Exists(target.FullName) = False Then
            Directory.CreateDirectory(target.FullName)
        End If

        ' Copy each file into it's new directory.
        For Each fi As FileInfo In source.GetFiles()
            Console.WriteLine("Copying {0}\{1}", target.FullName, fi.Name)
            fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.ToString(), fi.Name), True)
        Next

        ' Copy each subdirectory using recursion.
        For Each diSourceSubDir As DirectoryInfo In source.GetDirectories()
            Dim nextTargetSubDir As DirectoryInfo = target.CreateSubdirectory(diSourceSubDir.Name)
            CopyAll(diSourceSubDir, nextTargetSubDir)
        Next
    End Sub

    Shared Sub Main()
        Dim sourceDirectory As String = "c:\\sourceDirectory"
        Dim targetDirectory As String = "c:\\targetDirectory"

        Dim diSource As DirectoryInfo = New DirectoryInfo(sourceDirectory)
        Dim diTarget As DirectoryInfo = New DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory)

        CopyAll(diSource, diTarget)
    End Sub
    ' Output will vary based on the contents of the source directory.
End Class

備註

使用此 DirectoryInfo 類別進行典型操作，如複製、移動、重新命名、建立及刪除目錄。

如果你要重複使用一個物件多次，建議使用 實例方法， DirectoryInfo 取代類別 Directory 中對應的靜態方法，因為安全性檢查不一定是必要的。

在接受路徑的成員中，路徑可以參考檔案或只參考目錄。 指定的路徑也可以參考伺服器和共享名稱的相對路徑或通用命名慣例 （UNC） 路徑。 例如，下列所有都是可接受的路徑：

• C# 中的「c：\\MyDir\\MyFile.txt」，或 Visual Basic 中的「c：\MyDir\MyFile.txt」。

• C# 中的 “c：\\MyDir” 或 Visual Basic 中的 “c：\MyDir”。

• C# 中的 “MyDir\\MySubdir” 或 Visual Basic 中的 “MyDir\MySubDir”。

• C# 中的 “\\\\MyServer\\MyShare” 或 Visual Basic 中的 “\\MyServer\MyShare”。

預設情況下，所有使用者皆可完全讀寫新目錄。

關於常見 I/O 任務的清單，請參見 Common I/O 任務。

另請參閱

• File
• Attributes
• FileSystemWatcher
• Directory
• Path
• 檔案和數據流 I/O
• 如何：從檔案讀取文字
• 如何：將文字寫入檔案
• 如何：讀取和寫入新建立的數據檔