Tuple<T1,T2> 類別

定義

命名空間:
System
組件:
mscorlib.dll, System.Runtime.dll
組件:
netstandard.dll, System.Runtime.dll
組件:
System.Runtime.dll
組件:
mscorlib.dll
組件:
netstandard.dll
來源:
Tuple.cs
來源:
Tuple.cs
來源:
Tuple.cs
來源:
Tuple.cs
來源:
Tuple.cs

代表一個二元組或對。

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable
generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable, System::Runtime::CompilerServices::ITuple
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ITuple
[System.Serializable]
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple
[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple
Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable
Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable, ITuple

類型參數

T1

元組的第一個組件類型。

T2

元組第二成分的類型。

繼承
Object
Tuple<T1,T2>
屬性
SerializableAttribute
實作
IStructuralComparable IStructuralEquatable IComparable ITuple

備註

元組是一種具有特定數量和數值序列的資料結構。 該 Tuple<T1,T2> 類別代表一個二元組，或稱對，這是一個包含兩個分量的元組。 2元組類似於結構 KeyValuePair<TKey,TValue> 。

你可以透過呼叫Tuple<T1,T2>建構子或靜態Tuple<T1,T2>方法來實例化物件Tuple.Create<T1,T2>(T1, T2)。 你可以利用唯 Item1 讀和 Item2 實例屬性來取得元組組件的值。

元組通常有四種不同的使用方式：

  • 用來表示一組資料。 例如，元組可以代表資料庫中的記錄，其組件則可以代表該記錄的欄位。

  • 提供輕鬆存取與操作資料集的便利性。 以下範例定義了一個包含學生姓名及其對應考試分數的物件陣列 Tuple<T1,T2> 。 接著會對陣列進行迭代，計算平均測驗分數。

    using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores = 
                    { new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92), 
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91), 
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", null),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) };
      int number;
      double mean = ComputeMean(scores, out number);
      Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number);
   }

   private static double ComputeMean(Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores, out int n) 
   {
      n = 0;      
      int sum = 0;
      foreach (var score in scores)
      {
         if (score.Item2.HasValue)
         { 
            n += 1;
            sum += score.Item2.Value;
         }
      }     
      if (n > 0)
         return sum / (double) n;
      else
         return 0;
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

    open System

let scores = 
    [| Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92) 
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91) 
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", Nullable())
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) |]

let computeMean (scores: Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[]) (n: int outref) = 
    n <- 0      
    let mutable sum = 0
    for _, score in scores do
        if score.HasValue then
            n <- n + 1
            sum <- sum + score.Value
    if n > 0 then
        double sum / double n
    else
        0

let mutable number = 0
let mean = computeMean scores &number
printfn $"Average test score: {mean:N2} (n={number})"
// The example displays the following output:
//       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

    Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)) = 
                      { New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Jack", 78),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Abbey", 92), 
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Dave", 88),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Sam", 91), 
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Ed", Nothing),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Penelope", 82),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Linda", 99),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Judith", 84) }
      Dim number As Integer
      Dim mean As Double = ComputeMean(scores, number)
      Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number)
   End Sub
   
   Private Function ComputeMean(scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)), 
                                ByRef n As Integer) As Double
      n = 0      
      Dim sum As Integer
      For Each score In scores
         If score.Item2.HasValue Then 
            n += 1
            sum += score.Item2.Value
         End If
      Next     
      If n > 0 Then
         Return sum / n
      Else
         Return 0
      End If             
   End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

  • 在不使用 out 參數（C#）或 ByRef 參數（Visual Basic）的情況下，從一個方法回傳多個值。 例如，以下範例使用物件 Tuple<T1,T2> 回傳整除法所得的商與餘數。

    using System;

public class Class1
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int dividend, divisor;
      Tuple<int, int> result;
      
      dividend = 136945; divisor = 178;
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
      if (result != null)
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
      else
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
                        
      dividend = Int32.MaxValue; divisor = -2073;
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
      if (result != null)
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
      else
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
   }

   private static Tuple<int, int> IntegerDivide(int dividend, int divisor)
   {
      try {
         int remainder;
         int quotient = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, out remainder);
         return new Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
      }   
      catch (DivideByZeroException) {
         return null;
      }      
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
//       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

    open System

let integerDivide (dividend: int) divisor =
    try
        let quotient, remainder = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor)
        Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder)
    with :? DivideByZeroException ->
        Unchecked.defaultof<Tuple<int, int>>

[<EntryPoint>]
let main _ =
    let dividend = 136945 
    let divisor = 178
    let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
    if box result <> null then
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
    else
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
                    
    let dividend = Int32.MaxValue 
    let divisor = -2073
    let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
    if box result <> null then
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
    else
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
    0
// The example displays the following output:
//       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
//       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

    Module modMain
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim dividend, divisor As Integer
      Dim result As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
      
      dividend = 136945 : divisor = 178
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
      If result IsNot Nothing Then
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
      End If
                        
      dividend = Int32.MaxValue : divisor = -2073
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
      If result IsNot Nothing Then
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
      End If
   End Sub
   
   Private Function IntegerDivide(dividend As Integer, divisor As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
      Try
         Dim remainder As Integer
         Dim quotient As Integer = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, remainder)
         Return New Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)(quotient, remainder)
      Catch e As DivideByZeroException
         Return Nothing
      End Try      
   End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
'       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

  • 透過單一參數將多個值傳遞給一個方法。 舉例來說，這個 Thread.Start(Object) 方法有一個參數，讓你在執行緒啟動時只提供一個值給執行緒的方法。 如果你提供 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件作為方法參數，你可以為執行緒的啟動例程提供兩個資料項目。

建構函式

名稱 Description
Tuple<T1,T2>(T1, T2)

初始化 Tuple<T1,T2> 類別的新執行個體。

屬性

名稱 Description
Item1

取得當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件第一個元件的值。
Item2

取得當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件第二個組件的值。

方法

名稱 Description
Equals(Object)

回傳一個值，表示目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件是否等於指定物件。
GetHashCode()

回傳當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件的雜湊碼。
GetType()

取得目前實例的 Type。

(繼承來源 Object)
MemberwiseClone()

建立目前 Object的淺層複本。

(繼承來源 Object)
ToString()

回傳一個字串，代表該 Tuple<T1,T2> 實例的值。

明確介面實作

名稱 Description
IComparable.CompareTo(Object)

將當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件與指定物件比較，並回傳一個整數，表示該物件在排序順序中是否位於指定物件之前、之後或相同位置。
IStructuralComparable.CompareTo(Object, IComparer)

透過指定的比較器將當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件與指定物件比較，並回傳一個整數，表示目前物件在排序順序中是位於指定物件之前、之後或相同位置。
IStructuralEquatable.Equals(Object, IEqualityComparer)

回傳一個值，顯示目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件是否等於指定的物件，基於指定的比較方法。
IStructuralEquatable.GetHashCode(IEqualityComparer)

透過指定的計算方法計算當前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件的雜湊碼。
ITuple.Item[Int32]

取得指定 Tuple 元素的值。
ITuple.Length

得到 中 Tuple元素的數量。

擴充方法

名稱 Description
Deconstruct<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>, T1, T2)

將一個包含兩個元素的元組拆解成獨立變數。
ToValueTuple<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>)

將類別的 Tuple 實例轉換成結構 ValueTuple 體的實例。

適用於

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