SpinLock Struktur

Definition

public value class SpinLock

public struct SpinLock

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(false)]
public struct SpinLock

type SpinLock = struct

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(false)>]
type SpinLock = struct

Public Structure SpinLock

Vererbung

Object

ValueType

SpinLock

Attribute

ComVisibleAttribute

Beispiele

Das folgende Beispiel erläutert, wie Sie ein SpinLock verwenden:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class SpinLockDemo
{

    // Demonstrates:
    //      Default SpinLock construction ()
    //      SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    //      SpinLock.Exit()
    static void SpinLockSample1()
    {
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock();

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        // Action taken by each parallel job.
        // Append to the StringBuilder 10000 times, protecting
        // access to sb with a SpinLock.
        Action action = () =>
        {
            bool gotLock = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                gotLock = false;
                try
                {
                    sl.Enter(ref gotLock);
                    sb.Append((i % 10).ToString());
                }
                finally
                {
                    // Only give up the lock if you actually acquired it
                    if (gotLock) sl.Exit();
                }
            }
        };

        // Invoke 3 concurrent instances of the action above
        Parallel.Invoke(action, action, action);

        // Check/Show the results
        Console.WriteLine("sb.Length = {0} (should be 30000)", sb.Length);
        Console.WriteLine("number of occurrences of '5' in sb: {0} (should be 3000)",
            sb.ToString().Where(c => (c == '5')).Count());
    }

    // Demonstrates:
    //      Default SpinLock constructor (tracking thread owner)
    //      SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    //      SpinLock.Exit() throwing exception
    //      SpinLock.IsHeld
    //      SpinLock.IsHeldByCurrentThread
    //      SpinLock.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled
    static void SpinLockSample2()
    {
        // Instantiate a SpinLock
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock();

        // These MRESs help to sequence the two jobs below
        ManualResetEventSlim mre1 = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        ManualResetEventSlim mre2 = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        bool lockTaken = false;

        Task taskA = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            try
            {
                sl.Enter(ref lockTaken);
                Console.WriteLine("Task A: entered SpinLock");
                mre1.Set(); // Signal Task B to commence with its logic

                // Wait for Task B to complete its logic
                // (Normally, you would not want to perform such a potentially
                // heavyweight operation while holding a SpinLock, but we do it
                // here to more effectively show off SpinLock properties in
                // taskB.)
                mre2.Wait();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (lockTaken) sl.Exit();
            }
        });

        Task taskB = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            mre1.Wait(); // wait for Task A to signal me
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeld = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsHeld);
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread = {0} (should be false)", sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread);
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled);

            try
            {
                sl.Exit();
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: Released sl, should not have been able to!");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.Exit resulted in exception, as expected: {0}", e.Message);
            }

            mre2.Set(); // Signal Task A to exit the SpinLock
        });

        // Wait for task completion and clean up
        Task.WaitAll(taskA, taskB);
        mre1.Dispose();
        mre2.Dispose();
    }

    // Demonstrates:
    //      SpinLock constructor(false) -- thread ownership not tracked
    static void SpinLockSample3()
    {
        // Create SpinLock that does not track ownership/threadIDs
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock(false);

        // Used to synchronize with the Task below
        ManualResetEventSlim mres = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);

        // We will verify that the Task below runs on a separate thread
        Console.WriteLine("main thread id = {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);

        // Now enter the SpinLock.  Ordinarily, you would not want to spend so
        // much time holding a SpinLock, but we do it here for the purpose of 
        // demonstrating that a non-ownership-tracking SpinLock can be exited 
        // by a different thread than that which was used to enter it.
        bool lockTaken = false;
        sl.Enter(ref lockTaken);

        // Create a separate Task from which to Exit() the SpinLock
        Task worker = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            Console.WriteLine("worker task thread id = {0} (should be different than main thread id)",
                Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);

            // Now exit the SpinLock
            try
            {
                sl.Exit();
                Console.WriteLine("worker task: successfully exited SpinLock, as expected");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("worker task: unexpected failure in exiting SpinLock: {0}", e.Message);
            }

            // Notify main thread to continue
            mres.Set();
        });

        // Do this instead of worker.Wait(), because worker.Wait() could inline the worker Task,
        // causing it to be run on the same thread.  The purpose of this example is to show that
        // a different thread can exit the SpinLock created (without thread tracking) on your thread.
        mres.Wait();

        // now Wait() on worker and clean up
        worker.Wait();
        mres.Dispose();
    }
}

Imports System.Text
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks


Module SpinLockDemo

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' Default SpinLock construction ()
    ' SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    ' SpinLock.Exit()
    Private Sub SpinLockSample1()
        Dim sl As New SpinLock()

        Dim sb As New StringBuilder()

        ' Action taken by each parallel job.
        ' Append to the StringBuilder 10000 times, protecting
        ' access to sb with a SpinLock.
        Dim action As Action =
            Sub()
                Dim gotLock As Boolean = False
                For i As Integer = 0 To 9999
                    gotLock = False
                    Try
                        sl.Enter(gotLock)
                        sb.Append((i Mod 10).ToString())
                    Finally
                        ' Only give up the lock if you actually acquired it
                        If gotLock Then
                            sl.[Exit]()
                        End If
                    End Try
                Next
            End Sub

        ' Invoke 3 concurrent instances of the action above
        Parallel.Invoke(action, action, action)

        ' Check/Show the results
        Console.WriteLine("sb.Length = {0} (should be 30000)", sb.Length)
        Console.WriteLine("number of occurrences of '5' in sb: {0} (should be 3000)", sb.ToString().Where(Function(c) (c = "5"c)).Count())
    End Sub

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' Default SpinLock constructor (tracking thread owner)
    ' SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    ' SpinLock.Exit() throwing exception
    ' SpinLock.IsHeld
    ' SpinLock.IsHeldByCurrentThread
    ' SpinLock.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled
    Private Sub SpinLockSample2()
        ' Instantiate a SpinLock
        Dim sl As New SpinLock()

        ' These MRESs help to sequence the two jobs below
        Dim mre1 As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)
        Dim mre2 As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)
        Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False

        Dim taskA As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                Try
                    sl.Enter(lockTaken)
                    Console.WriteLine("Task A: entered SpinLock")
                    mre1.[Set]()
                    ' Signal Task B to commence with its logic
                    ' Wait for Task B to complete its logic
                    ' (Normally, you would not want to perform such a potentially
                    ' heavyweight operation while holding a SpinLock, but we do it
                    ' here to more effectively show off SpinLock properties in
                    ' taskB.)
                    mre2.Wait()
                Finally
                    If lockTaken Then
                        sl.[Exit]()
                    End If
                End Try
            End Sub)

        Dim taskB As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                mre1.Wait()
                ' wait for Task A to signal me
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeld = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsHeld)
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread = {0} (should be false)", sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread)
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled)

                Try
                    sl.[Exit]()
                    Console.WriteLine("Task B: Released sl, should not have been able to!")
                Catch e As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.Exit resulted in exception, as expected: {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                ' Signal Task A to exit the SpinLock
                mre2.[Set]()
            End Sub)

        ' Wait for task completion and clean up
        Task.WaitAll(taskA, taskB)
        mre1.Dispose()
        mre2.Dispose()
    End Sub

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' SpinLock constructor(false) -- thread ownership not tracked
    Private Sub SpinLockSample3()
        ' Create SpinLock that does not track ownership/threadIDs
        Dim sl As New SpinLock(False)

        ' Used to synchronize with the Task below
        Dim mres As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)

        ' We will verify that the Task below runs on a separate thread
        Console.WriteLine("main thread id = {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId)

        ' Now enter the SpinLock.  Ordinarily, you would not want to spend so
        ' much time holding a SpinLock, but we do it here for the purpose of 
        ' demonstrating that a non-ownership-tracking SpinLock can be exited 
        ' by a different thread than that which was used to enter it.
        Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False
        sl.Enter(lockTaken)

        ' Create a separate Task
        Dim worker As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                Console.WriteLine("worker task thread id = {0} (should be different than main thread id)", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId)

                ' Now exit the SpinLock
                Try
                    sl.[Exit]()
                    Console.WriteLine("worker task: successfully exited SpinLock, as expected")
                Catch e As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine("worker task: unexpected failure in exiting SpinLock: {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                ' Notify main thread to continue
                mres.[Set]()
            End Sub)

        ' Do this instead of worker.Wait(), because worker.Wait() could inline the worker Task,
        ' causing it to be run on the same thread. The purpose of this example is to show that
        ' a different thread can exit the SpinLock created (without thread tracking) on your thread.
        mres.Wait()

        ' now Wait() on worker and clean up
        worker.Wait()
        mres.Dispose()
    End Sub


End Module

Hinweise

Ein Beispiel für die Verwendung einer Spin-Sperre finden Sie unter How to: Use SpinLock for Low-Level Synchronization.

Drehsperren können für Blattsperren verwendet werden, bei denen die Objektzuordnung durch verwendung eines Monitor, der Größe oder aufgrund des Garbage Collection-Drucks impliziert wird , zu teuer ist. Eine Drehsperre kann nützlich sein, um eine Blockierung zu vermeiden; Wenn Sie jedoch eine erhebliche Blockierung erwarten, sollten Sie aufgrund übermäßiger Drehung wahrscheinlich keine Drehsperren verwenden. Das Drehen kann von Vorteil sein, wenn Sperren feinkörniger und großer Anzahl sind (z. B. eine Sperre pro Knoten in einer verknüpften Liste) und auch wenn Die Sperrzeiten immer extrem kurz sind. Im Allgemeinen sollte beim Halten einer Drehsperre eine der folgenden Aktionen vermieden werden:

• Blockieren

• Aufrufen von Elementen, die selbst blockiert werden können,

• gleichzeitig mehrere Drehsperren halten,

• Dynamische Verteileraufrufe (Schnittstelle und Virtuelle),

• Das Ausführen von statisch verteilten Aufrufen in einen Code, den man nicht besitzt, oder

• Zuweisung des Speichers.

SpinLock sollte nur verwendet werden, nachdem Sie festgestellt haben, dass dies die Leistung einer Anwendung verbessert. Es ist auch wichtig zu beachten, dass SpinLock es sich um einen Werttyp aus Leistungsgründen handelt. Aus diesem Grund müssen Sie sehr vorsichtig sein, eine Instanz nicht versehentlich zu kopieren SpinLock , da die beiden Instanzen (das Original und die Kopie) dann völlig unabhängig voneinander wären, was wahrscheinlich zu fehlerhaftem Verhalten der Anwendung führen würde. Wenn eine SpinLock Instanz übergeben werden muss, sollte sie anstelle eines Werts durch Einen Verweis übergeben werden.

Speichern Sie SpinLock Keine Instanzen in schreibgeschützten Feldern.

Threadsicherheit

Alle Member von SpinLock sind threadsicher und können gleichzeitig aus mehreren Threads verwendet werden.

Weitere Informationen

• SpinLock
• How to: Use SpinLock for low-level synchronization
• How to: Enable Thread-Tracking Mode in SpinLock