ArrayList.Sort 方法

定義

命名空間:: System.Collections

組件:: mscorlib.dll, System.Collections.NonGeneric.dll

組件:: mscorlib.dll

組件:: netstandard.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

它會將元素排序在其中 ArrayList 或部分。

多載

名稱	Description
Sort()	排序整個 ArrayList中的專案。
Sort(IComparer)	使用指定的比較子來排序整個 ArrayList 中的專案。
Sort(Int32, Int32, IComparer)	使用指定的比較子，在 ArrayList 中排序元素範圍中的專案。

Sort()

排序整個 ArrayList中的專案。

public:
 virtual void Sort();

public virtual void Sort();

abstract member Sort : unit -> unit
override this.Sort : unit -> unit

Public Overridable Sub Sort ()

例外狀況

NotSupportedException

這是 ArrayList 唯讀的。

範例

以下程式碼範例展示了如何排序 ArrayList.

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArrayList1
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
        ArrayList myAL = new ArrayList();
        myAL.Add("The");
        myAL.Add("quick");
        myAL.Add("brown");
        myAL.Add("fox");
        myAL.Add("jumps");
        myAL.Add("over");
        myAL.Add("the");
        myAL.Add("lazy");
        myAL.Add("dog");

        // Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:");
        PrintValues(myAL);

        // Sorts the values of the ArrayList.
        myAL.Sort();

        // Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting:");
        PrintValues(myAL);
    }

    public static void PrintValues(IEnumerable myList)
    {
        foreach (Object obj in myList)
            Console.WriteLine("   {0}", obj);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

/*
This code produces the following output.

The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
   The
   quick
   brown
   fox
   jumps
   over
   the
   lazy
   dog

After sorting:
   brown
   dog
   fox
   jumps
   lazy
   over
   quick
   the
   The
*/

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArrayList

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        ' Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
        Dim myAL As New ArrayList()
        myAL.Add("The")
        myAL.Add("quick")
        myAL.Add("brown")
        myAL.Add("fox")
        myAL.Add("jumps")
        myAL.Add("over")
        myAL.Add("the")
        myAL.Add("lazy")
        myAL.Add("dog")

        ' Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:")
        PrintValues(myAL)

        ' Sorts the values of the ArrayList.
        myAL.Sort()

        ' Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting:")
        PrintValues(myAL)

    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub PrintValues(myList As IEnumerable)
        Dim obj As [Object]
        For Each obj In  myList
            Console.WriteLine("   {0}", obj)
        Next obj
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub

End Class


' This code produces the following output.
'
' The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
'    The
'    quick
'    brown
'    fox
'    jumps
'    over
'    the
'    lazy
'    dog
'
' After sorting:
'    brown
'    dog
'    fox
'    jumps
'    lazy
'    over
'    quick
'    the
'    The

備註

此方法使用 Array.Sort，該演算法使用快速排序演算法。快速排序演算法是一種比較排序（也稱為不穩定排序），意即「小於或等於」的比較操作決定最終排序列表中哪一個元素應該先出現。然而，如果兩個元素相等，它們的原始順序可能無法保留。相反地，穩定的排序會保留相等項目的順序。要執行穩定排序，你必須實作一個自訂 IComparer 介面，以配合此方法的其他過載使用。

平均而言，此方法是一個 O(n log n) 操作，其中 n 是 Count;在最壞情況下，它是一個 O(n^2) 操作。

另請參閱

在集合中執行 Culture-Insensitive 字串作業

適用於

Sort(IComparer)

使用指定的比較子來排序整個 ArrayList 中的專案。

public:
 virtual void Sort(System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public virtual void Sort(System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

abstract member Sort : System.Collections.IComparer -> unit
override this.Sort : System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Overridable Sub Sort (comparer As IComparer)

參數

comparer: IComparer

IComparer比較元素時使用的實作。

-或-

一個空參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中）用於使用 IComparable 實作的每個元素。

例外狀況

NotSupportedException

這是 ArrayList 唯讀的。

InvalidOperationException

在比較兩個元素時發生了錯誤。

ArgumentException

null 對於，且 comparer列表中的元素不實作 IComparable。

範例

以下程式碼範例展示了如何使用預設比較器和一個反轉排序順序的自訂比較器來排序這些值 ArrayList 。

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArrayList2
{
    public class myReverserClass : IComparer
    {
        // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
        int IComparer.Compare(Object x, Object y)
        {
            return ((new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x));
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        // Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
        ArrayList myAL = new ArrayList();
        myAL.Add("The");
        myAL.Add("quick");
        myAL.Add("brown");
        myAL.Add("fox");
        myAL.Add("jumps");
        myAL.Add("over");
        myAL.Add("the");
        myAL.Add("lazy");
        myAL.Add("dog");

        // Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);

        // Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the default comparer.
        myAL.Sort();
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting with the default comparer:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);

        // Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
        IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();
        myAL.Sort(myComparer);
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);
    }

    public static void PrintIndexAndValues(IEnumerable myList)
    {
        int i = 0;
        foreach (Object obj in myList)
            Console.WriteLine("\t[{0}]:\t{1}", i++, obj);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

/*
This code produces the following output.
The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
        [0]:    The
        [1]:    quick
        [2]:    brown
        [3]:    fox
        [4]:    jumps
        [5]:    over
        [6]:    the
        [7]:    lazy
        [8]:    dog

After sorting with the default comparer:
        [0]:    brown
        [1]:    dog
        [2]:    fox
        [3]:    jumps
        [4]:    lazy
        [5]:    over
        [6]:    quick
        [7]:    the
        [8]:    The

After sorting with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
        [0]:    the
        [1]:    The
        [2]:    quick
        [3]:    over
        [4]:    lazy
        [5]:    jumps
        [6]:    fox
        [7]:    dog
        [8]:    brown
*/

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArrayList

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Public Function Compare( ByVal x As Object, ByVal y As Object) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class

   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
      Dim myAL As New ArrayList()
      myAL.Add("The")
      myAL.Add("quick")
      myAL.Add("brown")
      myAL.Add("fox")
      myAL.Add("jumps")
      myAL.Add("over")
      myAL.Add("the")
      myAL.Add("lazy")
      myAL.Add("dog")

      ' Displays the values of the ArrayList.
      Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

      ' Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the default comparer.
      myAL.Sort()
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting with the default comparer:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

      ' Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()
      myAL.Sort(myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

   End Sub

   Public Shared Sub PrintIndexAndValues(myList As IEnumerable)
      Dim i As Integer = 0
      Dim obj As [Object]
      For Each obj In  myList
         Console.WriteLine(vbTab + "[{0}]:" + vbTab + "{1}", i, obj)
         i = i + 1
      Next obj
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
'        [0]:    The
'        [1]:    quick
'        [2]:    brown
'        [3]:    fox
'        [4]:    jumps
'        [5]:    over
'        [6]:    the
'        [7]:    lazy
'        [8]:    dog
'
'After sorting with the default comparer:
'        [0]:    brown
'        [1]:    dog
'        [2]:    fox
'        [3]:    jumps
'        [4]:    lazy
'        [5]:    over
'        [6]:    quick
'        [7]:    the
'        [8]:    The
'
'After sorting with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'        [0]:    the
'        [1]:    The
'        [2]:    quick
'        [3]:    over
'        [4]:    lazy
'        [5]:    jumps
'        [6]:    fox
'        [7]:    dog
'        [8]:    brown

備註

使用 Sort 該方法來排序物件清單，並使用自訂比較器實作該 IComparer 介面。若通過 null ， comparer此方法使用 IComparable 每個元素的實作。此時，您必須確保清單中的物件實作了介面， IComparer 否則會發生例外。

此外，使用該 IComparable 實作意味著清單會執行比較排序（也稱為不穩定排序）;也就是說，如果兩個元素相等，其順序可能不會被保留。相反地，穩定的排序會保留相等項目的順序。要執行穩定排序，你必須實作自訂 IComparer 介面。

平均而言，此方法是一個 O(n log n) 操作，其中 n 是 Count;在最壞情況下，它是一個 O(n^2) 操作。

另請參閱

在集合中執行 Culture-Insensitive 字串作業

適用於

Sort(Int32, Int32, IComparer)

使用指定的比較子，在 ArrayList 中排序元素範圍中的專案。

public:
 virtual void Sort(int index, int count, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public virtual void Sort(int index, int count, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

abstract member Sort : int * int * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit
override this.Sort : int * int * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Overridable Sub Sort (index As Integer, count As Integer, comparer As IComparer)

參數

index: Int32

排序範圍的零基起始索引。

count: Int32

範圍的長度需要分類。

comparer: IComparer

IComparer比較元素時使用的實作。

-或-

一個空參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中）用於使用 IComparable 實作的每個元素。

例外狀況

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index 小於零。

-或-

count 小於零。

ArgumentException

index且count不指定有效範圍。ArrayList

NotSupportedException

這是 ArrayList 唯讀的。

InvalidOperationException

在比較兩個元素時發生了錯誤。

範例

以下程式碼範例展示了如何使用預設比較器和一個反向排序的自訂比較器，來排序元素範圍內 ArrayList 的值。

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArrayList3
{
    public class myReverserClass : IComparer
    {
        // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
        int IComparer.Compare(Object x, Object y)
        {
            return ((new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x));
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        // Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
        ArrayList myAL = new ArrayList();
        myAL.Add("The");
        myAL.Add("QUICK");
        myAL.Add("BROWN");
        myAL.Add("FOX");
        myAL.Add("jumps");
        myAL.Add("over");
        myAL.Add("the");
        myAL.Add("lazy");
        myAL.Add("dog");

        // Displays the values of the ArrayList.
        Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);

        // Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the default comparer.
        myAL.Sort(1, 3, null);
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the default comparer:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);

        // Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
        IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();
        myAL.Sort(1, 3, myComparer);
        Console.WriteLine("After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
        PrintIndexAndValues(myAL);
    }

    public static void PrintIndexAndValues(IEnumerable myList)
    {
        int i = 0;
        foreach (Object obj in myList)
            Console.WriteLine("\t[{0}]:\t{1}", i++, obj);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

/*
This code produces the following output.
The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
        [0]:    The
        [1]:    QUICK
        [2]:    BROWN
        [3]:    FOX
        [4]:    jumps
        [5]:    over
        [6]:    the
        [7]:    lazy
        [8]:    dog

After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the default comparer:
        [0]:    The
        [1]:    BROWN
        [2]:    FOX
        [3]:    QUICK
        [4]:    jumps
        [5]:    over
        [6]:    the
        [7]:    lazy
        [8]:    dog

After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
        [0]:    The
        [1]:    QUICK
        [2]:    FOX
        [3]:    BROWN
        [4]:    jumps
        [5]:    over
        [6]:    the
        [7]:    lazy
        [8]:    dog
*/

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArrayList

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Public Function Compare( ByVal x As Object, ByVal y As Object) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class

   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new ArrayList.
      Dim myAL As New ArrayList()
      myAL.Add("The")
      myAL.Add("QUICK")
      myAL.Add("BROWN")
      myAL.Add("FOX")
      myAL.Add("jumps")
      myAL.Add("over")
      myAL.Add("the")
      myAL.Add("lazy")
      myAL.Add("dog")

      ' Displays the values of the ArrayList.
      Console.WriteLine("The ArrayList initially contains the following values:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

      ' Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the default comparer.
      myAL.Sort(1, 3, Nothing)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the default comparer:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

      ' Sorts the values of the ArrayList using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()
      myAL.Sort(1, 3, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myAL)

   End Sub

   Public Shared Sub PrintIndexAndValues(myList As IEnumerable)
      Dim i As Integer = 0
      Dim obj As [Object]
      For Each obj In  myList
         Console.WriteLine(vbTab + "[{0}]:" + vbTab + "{1}", i, obj)
         i = i + 1
      Next obj
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'The ArrayList initially contains the following values:
'        [0]:    The
'        [1]:    QUICK
'        [2]:    BROWN
'        [3]:    FOX
'        [4]:    jumps
'        [5]:    over
'        [6]:    the
'        [7]:    lazy
'        [8]:    dog
'
'After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the default comparer:
'        [0]:    The
'        [1]:    BROWN
'        [2]:    FOX
'        [3]:    QUICK
'        [4]:    jumps
'        [5]:    over
'        [6]:    the
'        [7]:    lazy
'        [8]:    dog
'
'After sorting from index 1 to index 3 with the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'        [0]:    The
'        [1]:    QUICK
'        [2]:    FOX
'        [3]:    BROWN
'        [4]:    jumps
'        [5]:    over
'        [6]:    the
'        [7]:    lazy
'        [8]:    dog

備註

若 comparer 設為 null，此方法執行比較排序（亦稱不穩定排序）;也就是說，若兩個元素相等，其順序可能不被保留。相反地，穩定的排序會保留相等項目的順序。要執行穩定排序，你必須實作自訂 IComparer 介面。

平均而言，此方法是一個 O(n log n) 操作，其中 n 是 count;在最壞情況下，它是一個 O(n^2) 操作。

另請參閱

在集合中執行 Culture-Insensitive 字串作業

適用於

意見反應

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