ImportAttribute 類別

定義

public ref class ImportAttribute : Attribute

[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Field | System.AttributeTargets.Parameter | System.AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=false)]
public class ImportAttribute : Attribute

[<System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Field | System.AttributeTargets.Parameter | System.AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=false)>]
type ImportAttribute = class
    inherit Attribute

Public Class ImportAttribute
Inherits Attribute

繼承

Object

Attribute

ImportAttribute

屬性

AttributeUsageAttribute

範例

以下範例顯示三個類別，成員裝飾有 ImportAttribute，以及三個與之相符的輸出類別。

//Default export infers type and contract name from the
//exported type.  This is the preferred method.
[Export]
public class MyExport1
{
    public String data = "Test Data 1.";
}

public class MyImporter1
{
    [Import]
    public MyExport1 importedMember { get; set; }
}

public interface MyInterface
{
}

//Specifying the contract type may be important if
//you want to export a type other then the base type,
//such as an interface.
[Export(typeof(MyInterface))]
public class MyExport2 : MyInterface
{
    public String data = "Test Data 2.";
}

public class MyImporter2
{
    //The import must match the contract type!
    [Import(typeof(MyInterface))]
    public MyExport2 importedMember { get; set; }
}

//Specifying a contract name should only be
//needed in rare caes. Usually, using metadata
//is a better approach.
[Export("MyContractName", typeof(MyInterface))]
public class MyExport3 : MyInterface
{
    public String data = "Test Data 3.";
}

public class MyImporter3
{
    //Both contract name and type must match!
    [Import("MyContractName", typeof(MyInterface))]
    public MyExport3 importedMember { get; set; }
}

class Program
{

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        AggregateCatalog catalog = new AggregateCatalog();
        catalog.Catalogs.Add(new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(MyExport1).Assembly));
        CompositionContainer _container = new CompositionContainer(catalog);
        MyImporter1 test1 = new MyImporter1();
        MyImporter2 test2 = new MyImporter2();
        MyImporter3 test3 = new MyImporter3();
        _container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test1);
        _container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test2);
        _container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test3);
        Console.WriteLine(test1.importedMember.data);
        Console.WriteLine(test2.importedMember.data);
        Console.WriteLine(test3.importedMember.data);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

'Default export infers type and contract name from the
'exported type.  This is the preferred method.
<Export()>
Public Class MyExport1
    Public ReadOnly Property data As String
        Get
            Return "Test Data 1."
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

Public Class MyImporter1

    <Import()>
    Public Property ImportedMember As MyExport1

End Class

Public Interface MyInterface

End Interface

'Specifying the contract type may be important if
'you want to export a type other then the base type,
'such as an interface.
<Export(GetType(MyInterface))>
Public Class MyExport2
    Implements MyInterface
    Public ReadOnly Property data As String
        Get
            Return "Test Data 2."
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

Public Class MyImporter2
    'The import must match the contract type!
    <Import(GetType(MyInterface))>
    Public Property ImportedMember As MyExport2
End Class

'Specifying a contract name should only be 
'needed in rare caes. Usually, using metadata
'is a better approach.
<Export("MyContractName", GetType(MyInterface))>
Public Class MyExport3
    Implements MyInterface
    Public ReadOnly Property data As String
        Get
            Return "Test Data 3."
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

Public Class MyImporter3
    'Both contract name and type must match!
    <Import("MyContractName", GetType(MyInterface))>
    Public Property ImportedMember As MyExport3
End Class



Sub Main()
    Dim catalog As AggregateCatalog = New AggregateCatalog()
    catalog.Catalogs.Add(New AssemblyCatalog(GetType(MyExport1).Assembly))
    Dim container As CompositionContainer = New CompositionContainer(catalog)
    Dim test1 As MyImporter1 = New MyImporter1()
    Dim test2 As MyImporter2 = New MyImporter2()
    Dim test3 As MyImporter3 = New MyImporter3()
    container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test1)
    container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test2)
    container.SatisfyImportsOnce(test3)
    Console.WriteLine(test1.ImportedMember.data)
    Console.WriteLine(test2.ImportedMember.data)
    Console.WriteLine(test3.ImportedMember.data)
    Console.ReadLine()
End Sub

備註

在屬性化程式模型中，用來 ImportAttribute 宣告某一特定部分的匯入或相依關係。 它可以裝飾一個物業、一個田地或一個農場。 在組合過程中，零件的匯入會由 CompositionContainer 該物件所屬的物件填寫，並利用該 CompositionContainer 物件所提供的匯出資料。

進口是否與特定出口相符，主要透過合約名稱與合約類型來判斷。 通常，在程式碼中使用匯入屬性時，你不需要指定這些屬性，這些屬性會自動從裝飾成員的類型推斷出來。 若匯入必須匹配不同類型的匯出（例如裝飾成員型別的子類別，或該成員實作的介面），則必須明確指定合約類型。 合約名稱也可以明確指定，例如用來區分多個具有相同類型的合約，但通常透過元資料來完成會更好。 欲了解更多關於元資料的資訊，請參見 PartMetadataAttribute。

另請參閱

• ExportAttribute
• 屬性化程式模型概述