String.Format 方法

定義

多載

範例

許多呼叫 Format 方法的範例在這篇文章中穿插出現。 您也可以下載一組完整的 String.Format 範例，其中包含適用於 C# 的.NET Core 專案。

以下是文章中包含的一些範例：

建立格式字串

插入字串
格式專案
格式化具有相同索引的項目

控制格式化的輸出

控件格式設定
控件間距
控件對齊方式
控制整數位數
控制小數分隔符之後的數字數目
在結果字串中包含字面上的大括號

讓格式字串具備文化敏感性

使格式字串具備文化敏感性

自訂格式設定

自定義格式設定作業
攔截程式提供者和羅馬數字格式器

開始使用 String.Format 方法

如果您需要將物件、變數或表達式的值插入另一個字串，請使用 String.Format。 例如，您可以將 Decimal 值的值插入字串中，以將它顯示為單一字串：

Decimal pricePerOunce = 17.36m;
String s = String.Format("The current price is {0} per ounce.",
                         pricePerOunce);
Console.WriteLine(s);
// Result: The current price is 17.36 per ounce.

let pricePerOunce = 17.36m
String.Format("The current price is {0} per ounce.", pricePerOunce)
|> printfn "%s"
// Result: The current price is 17.36 per ounce.

Dim pricePerOunce As Decimal = 17.36D
Dim s As String = String.Format("The current price is {0} per ounce.",
                              pricePerOunce)
' Result: The current price is 17.36 per ounce.

而且您可以控制該值的格式設定：

Decimal pricePerOunce = 17.36m;
String s = String.Format("The current price is {0:C2} per ounce.",
                         pricePerOunce);
Console.WriteLine(s);
// Result if current culture is en-US:
//      The current price is $17.36 per ounce.

let pricePerOunce = 17.36m
String.Format("The current price is {0:C2} per ounce.", pricePerOunce)
|> printfn "%s"
// Result if current culture is en-US:
//      The current price is $17.36 per ounce.

Dim pricePerOunce As Decimal = 17.36D
Dim s As String = String.Format("The current price is {0:C2} per ounce.",
                              pricePerOunce)
' Result if current culture is en-US:
'      The current price is $17.36 per ounce.

除了格式化之外，您也可以控制對齊和間距。

插入字串

String.Format 開頭為格式字串，後面接著一或多個物件或表達式，這些物件或表達式將會轉換成字串，並在格式字串中指定的位置插入。 例如：

decimal temp = 20.4m;
string s = String.Format("The temperature is {0}°C.", temp);
Console.WriteLine(s);
// Displays 'The temperature is 20.4°C.'

let temp = 20.4m
String.Format("The temperature is {0}°C.", temp)
|> printfn "%s"
// Displays 'The temperature is 20.4°C.'

Dim temp As Decimal = 20.4D
Dim s As String = String.Format("The temperature is {0}°C.", temp)
Console.WriteLine(s)
' Displays 'The temperature is 20.4°C.'

格式字串中的 {0} 是一個格式項目。 0 是物件索引，其字串值將插入該位置。 （索引從0開始。如果要插入的物件不是字串，則會呼叫其 ToString 方法，將它轉換成一個，然後再將它插入結果字串中。

以下是另一個範例，該範例使用兩個格式項目和物件清單中的兩個物件：

string s = String.Format("At {0}, the temperature is {1}°C.",
                         DateTime.Now, 20.4);
Console.WriteLine(s);
// Output similar to: 'At 4/10/2015 9:29:41 AM, the temperature is 20.4°C.'

String.Format("At {0}, the temperature is {1}°C.", DateTime.Now, 20.4)
|> printfn "%s"
// Output similar to: 'At 4/10/2015 9:29:41 AM, the temperature is 20.4°C.'

Dim s As String = String.Format("At {0}, the temperature is {1}°C.",
                              Date.Now, 20.4)
' Output similar to: 'At 4/10/2015 9:29:41 AM, the temperature is 20.4°C.'

只要每個格式專案的索引在物件清單中都有相符的物件，您就可以在物件清單中擁有無限多個格式專案和物件。 您也不必擔心呼叫哪個多載函式；編譯器會為您選擇適當的版本。

控件格式設定

您可以使用格式字串追蹤格式專案中的索引，以控制物件的格式化方式。 例如，{0:d} 會將 「d」 格式字串套用至物件清單中的第一個物件。 以下是單一物品和兩個格式項目的範例：

string s = String.Format("It is now {0:d} at {0:t}", DateTime.Now);
Console.WriteLine(s);
// Output similar to: 'It is now 4/10/2015 at 10:04 AM'

String.Format("It is now {0:d} at {0:t}", DateTime.Now)
|> printfn "%s"
// Output similar to: 'It is now 4/10/2015 at 10:04 AM'

Dim s As String = String.Format("It is now {0:d} at {0:t}",
                              Date.Now)
' Output similar to: 'It is now 4/10/2015 at 10:04 AM'

許多類型都支援格式字串，包括所有數值類型（標準和自定義格式字串）、所有日期和時間（標準和自定義格式字串）和時間間隔（標準和自定義格式字串）、所有列舉型別列舉型別和GUID。 您也可以將格式字串的支援新增至您自己的類型。

控制間距

您可以使用 的語法，定義插入結果字串的字串寬度，例如 {0,12}，其會插入 12 個字元的字串。 在此情況下，第一個物件的字串表示會在 12 個字元的欄位中靠右對齊。 （如果第一個物件的字串表示長度超過 12 個字元，則會忽略慣用的欄位寬度，並將整個字串插入結果字串中。

下列範例會定義 6 個字元的欄位來保存字串 「Year」 和某些年份字串，以及用來保存字串 「Population」 和某些母體數據的 15 個字元字段。 請注意，字元在欄位內是右對齊的。

int[] years = { 2013, 2014, 2015 };
int[] population = { 1025632, 1105967, 1148203 };
var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
sb.Append(String.Format("{0,6} {1,15}\n\n", "Year", "Population"));
for (int index = 0; index < years.Length; index++)
    sb.Append(String.Format("{0,6} {1,15:N0}\n", years[index], population[index]));

Console.WriteLine(sb);

// Result:
//      Year      Population
//
//      2013       1,025,632
//      2014       1,105,967
//      2015       1,148,203

open System
open System.Text
 
let years = [| 2013; 2014; 2015 |]
let population = [| 1025632; 1105967; 1148203 |]
let sb = StringBuilder()
sb.Append(String.Format("{0,6} {1,15}\n\n", "Year", "Population")) |> ignore
for i = 0 to years.Length - 1 do
   sb.Append(String.Format("{0,6} {1,15:N0}\n", years[i], population[i])) |> ignore

printfn $"{sb}"

// Result:
//      Year      Population
//
//      2013       1,025,632
//      2014       1,105,967
//      2015       1,148,203

Dim years() As Integer = {2013, 2014, 2015}
Dim population() As Integer = {1025632, 1105967, 1148203}
Dim sb As New StringBuilder()
sb.Append(String.Format("{0,6} {1,15}{2}{2}",
                       "Year", "Population", vbCrLf))
For index As Integer = 0 To years.Length - 1
    sb.AppendFormat("{0,6} {1,15:N0}{2}",
                  years(index), population(index), vbCrLf)
Next
' Result:
'      Year      Population
'
'      2013       1,025,632
'      2014       1,105,967
'      2015       1,148,203

控件對齊方式

如果您指定欄位寬度，字串預設會靠右對齊其欄位。 若要在欄位中靠左對齊字串，您會在欄位寬度前面加上負號，例如 {0,-12} 來定義 12 個字元的靠左對齊字段。

下列範例與上一個範例類似，不同之處在於它靠左對齊標籤和數據。

int[] years = { 2013, 2014, 2015 };
int[] population = { 1025632, 1105967, 1148203 };
String s = String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10}\n\n", "Year", "Population");
for (int index = 0; index < years.Length; index++)
    s += String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10:N0}\n",
                       years[index], population[index]);
Console.WriteLine($"\n{s}");
// Result:
//    Year       Population
//
//    2013       1,025,632
//    2014       1,105,967
//    2015       1,148,203

let years = [| 2013; 2014; 2015 |]
let population = [| 1025632; 1105967; 1148203 |]
let mutable s = String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10}\n\n", "Year", "Population")
for i = 0 to years.Length - 1 do
    s <- s + String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10:N0}\n", years[i], population[i])
printfn $"\n{s}"
// Result:
//    Year       Population
//
//    2013       1,025,632
//    2014       1,105,967
//    2015       1,148,203

Dim years() As Integer = {2013, 2014, 2015}
Dim population() As Integer = {1025632, 1105967, 1148203}
Dim s As String = String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10}{2}{2}",
                               "Year", "Population", vbCrLf)
For index As Integer = 0 To years.Length - 1
    s += String.Format("{0,-10} {1,-10:N0}{2}",
                     years(index), population(index), vbCrLf)
Next
' Result:
'    Year       Population
'
'    2013       1,025,632
'    2014       1,105,967
'    2015       1,148,203

String.Format 會使用複合格式設定功能。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱複合格式設定。

我應該使用哪一種方法？

格式化方法概述

Format 方法的每個多載都會使用 複合格式功能，在複合格式字串中包含以零起始的索引佔位符，稱為 格式專案。 執行時，每個格式項目會被參數列表中對應參數的字串表示取代。 如果自變數的值是 null，則格式專案會取代為 String.Empty。 例如，下列對 Format(String, Object, Object, Object) 方法的呼叫中，有一個格式字串，內含三個格式項目：{0}、{1}和 {2}，以及一個包含三個項目的參數清單。

DateTime dat = new DateTime(2012, 1, 17, 9, 30, 0);
string city = "Chicago";
int temp = -16;
string output = String.Format("At {0} in {1}, the temperature was {2} degrees.",
                              dat, city, temp);
Console.WriteLine(output);
// The example displays output like the following:
//    At 1/17/2012 9:30:00 AM in Chicago, the temperature was -16 degrees.

open System

let dat = DateTime(2012, 1, 17, 9, 30, 0) 
let city = "Chicago"
let temp = -16
String.Format("At {0} in {1}, the temperature was {2} degrees.", dat, city, temp)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays output like the following:
//    At 1/17/2012 9:30:00 AM in Chicago, the temperature was -16 degrees.

Dim dat As Date = #1/17/2012 9:30AM#
Dim city As String = "Chicago"
Dim temp As Integer = -16
Dim output As String = String.Format("At {0} in {1}, the temperature was {2} degrees.",
                                   dat, city, temp)
Console.WriteLine(output)
' The example displays the following output:
'    At 1/17/2012 9:30:00 AM in Chicago, the temperature was -16 degrees.

格式項目

格式項目的語法如下：

{index[,width][:formatString]}

方括弧表示可選元素。 開啟和閉合的大括弧是必需的。 （若要在格式字串中包含實際的大括號，請參閱 複合格式設定 一文中的 大括號跳脫 一節。

例如，用於格式化貨幣值的格式項目可能會如此顯示：

var value = String.Format("{0,-10:C}", 126347.89m);
Console.WriteLine(value);

open System

String.Format("{0,-10:C}", 126347.89m)         
|> printfn "%s"

String.Format("{0,-10:C}", 126347.89D)

格式項目包含以下元素：

index
自變數之以零起始的索引，其字串表示法要包含在字串中的這個位置。 如果這個參數是 null，將會在字串的該位置插入空字串。

width
Optional. 帶正負號的整數，表示插入自變數的欄位總長度，以及它是否靠右對齊（正整數）或靠左對齊（負整數）。 如果您省略 width，則對應自變數的字串表示會插入沒有前置或尾端空格的欄位中。

如果的值 width 小於要插入的自變數長度， width 則會忽略 ，並將自變數的字串表示長度當做字段寬度使用。

formatString
Optional. 指定對應自變數結果字串格式的字串。 如果您省略 formatString，則會呼叫對應的自變數無 ToString 參數方法，以產生其字串表示。 如果您指定 formatString，則格式專案所參考的自變數必須實 IFormattable 作 介面。 支援格式字串的類型包括：

• 所有整數和浮點類型。 （請參閱 標準數值格式字串 和 自定義數值格式字串。

• DateTime 和 DateTimeOffset。 （請參閱 標準日期和時間格式字串 和 自定義日期和時間格式字串。

• 所有列舉型別。 （請參閱 列舉格式字串。）

• TimeSpan 值。 （請參閱 標準 TimeSpan 格式字串 和 自定義 TimeSpan 格式字串。

• GUIDs。 （請參閱 Guid.ToString(String) 方法。

不過，任何自訂類型都可以實作IFormattable或擴充現有類型的IFormattable實作。

下列範例會使用 width 和 formatString 自變數來產生格式化的輸出。

// Create array of 5-tuples with population data for three U.S. cities, 1940-1950.
Tuple<string, DateTime, int, DateTime, int>[] cities =
    { Tuple.Create("Los Angeles", new DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 1504277,
                   new DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 1970358),
      Tuple.Create("New York", new DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 7454995,
                   new DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 7891957),
      Tuple.Create("Chicago", new DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 3396808,
                   new DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 3620962),
      Tuple.Create("Detroit", new DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 1623452,
                   new DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 1849568) };

// Display header
var header = String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8}{2,12}{1,8}{2,12}{3,14}\n",
                              "City", "Year", "Population", "Change (%)");
Console.WriteLine(header);
foreach (var city in cities) {
   var output = String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8:yyyy}{2,12:N0}{3,8:yyyy}{4,12:N0}{5,14:P1}",
                          city.Item1, city.Item2, city.Item3, city.Item4, city.Item5,
                          (city.Item5 - city.Item3)/ (double)city.Item3);
   Console.WriteLine(output);
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    City            Year  Population    Year  Population    Change (%)
//
//    Los Angeles     1940   1,504,277    1950   1,970,358        31.0 %
//    New York        1940   7,454,995    1950   7,891,957         5.9 %
//    Chicago         1940   3,396,808    1950   3,620,962         6.6 %
//    Detroit         1940   1,623,452    1950   1,849,568        13.9 %

// Create a list of 5-tuples with population data for three U.S. cities, 1940-1950.
let cities = 
    [ "Los Angeles", DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 1504277, DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 1970358
      "New York", DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 7454995, DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 7891957
      "Chicago", DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 3396808, DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 3620962
      "Detroit", DateTime(1940, 1, 1), 1623452, DateTime(1950, 1, 1), 1849568 ]

// Display header
String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8}{2,12}{1,8}{2,12}{3,14}\n", "City", "Year", "Population", "Change (%)")
|> printfn "%s"

for name, year1, pop1, year2, pop2 in cities do
    String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8:yyyy}{2,12:N0}{3,8:yyyy}{4,12:N0}{5,14:P1}",
                  name, year1, pop1, year2, pop2,
                  double (pop2 - pop1) / double pop1)
    |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//    City            Year  Population    Year  Population    Change (%)
//  
//    Los Angeles     1940   1,504,277    1950   1,970,358        31.0 %
//    New York        1940   7,454,995    1950   7,891,957         5.9 %
//    Chicago         1940   3,396,808    1950   3,620,962         6.6 %
//    Detroit         1940   1,623,452    1950   1,849,568        13.9 %

Module Example4
    Public Sub Main()
        ' Create array of 5-tuples with population data for three U.S. cities, 1940-1950.
        Dim cities() =
          {Tuple.Create("Los Angeles", #1/1/1940#, 1504277, #1/1/1950#, 1970358),
            Tuple.Create("New York", #1/1/1940#, 7454995, #1/1/1950#, 7891957),
            Tuple.Create("Chicago", #1/1/1940#, 3396808, #1/1/1950#, 3620962),
            Tuple.Create("Detroit", #1/1/1940#, 1623452, #1/1/1950#, 1849568)}

        ' Display header
        Dim header As String = String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8}{2,12}{1,8}{2,12}{3,14}",
                                           "City", "Year", "Population", "Change (%)")
        Console.WriteLine(header)
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each city In cities
            Dim output = String.Format("{0,-12}{1,8:yyyy}{2,12:N0}{3,8:yyyy}{4,12:N0}{5,14:P1}",
                                city.Item1, city.Item2, city.Item3, city.Item4, city.Item5,
                                (city.Item5 - city.Item3) / city.Item3)
            Console.WriteLine(output)
        Next
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    City            Year  Population    Year  Population    Change (%)
'
'    Los Angeles     1940   1,504,277    1950   1,970,358        31.0 %
'    New York        1940   7,454,995    1950   7,891,957         5.9 %
'    Chicago         1940   3,396,808    1950   3,620,962         6.6 %
'    Detroit         1940   1,623,452    1950   1,849,568        13.9 %

如何格式化自變數

格式專案會從字串開頭循序處理。 每個格式專案都有一個索引，對應至方法自變數清單中的物件。 Format 方法會擷取 自變數，並衍生其字串表示法，如下所示：

• 如果自變數是 null，則方法會將 String.Empty 插入結果字串中。 您不需要擔心處理空值參數的 NullReferenceException。

• 如果您呼叫 Format(IFormatProvider, String, Object[]) 多載，而 provider 物件的 IFormatProvider.GetFormat 實作將傳回非 null ICustomFormatter 實作，參數會被傳遞至其 ICustomFormatter.Format(String, Object, IFormatProvider) 方法。 如果格式項目包含 formatString 參數，它會作為第一個參數傳遞至方法。 如果 ICustomFormatter 實作可供使用，併產生非 Null 字串串，則會傳回該字串做為自變數的字串表示;否則，下一個步驟會執行。

• 如果自變數實作 IFormattable 介面，則會呼叫其 IFormattable.ToString 實作。

• 呼叫自變數的無參數 ToString 方法，該方法會覆寫或繼承自基類實作。

如需攔截對 ICustomFormatter.Format 方法呼叫的範例，並可讓您查看 Format 方法在複合格式字串中傳遞給每個格式專案的格式化方法的資訊，請參閱 範例：攔截提供者和羅馬數位格式器。

如需詳細資訊，請參閱 處理訂單。

格式化具有相同索引的項目

如果索引項目的索引值大於或等於參數列表中的參數數目，則 Format 方法會擲回 FormatException 例外狀況。 不過，format 可以包含比自變數更多的格式專案，只要多個格式專案具有相同的索引。 在下列範例中呼叫 Format(String, Object) 方法時，參數清單僅有一個參數，但格式字串包含兩個格式項目：一個顯示數字的十進位值，另一個顯示其十六進位值。

short[] values= { Int16.MinValue, -27, 0, 1042, Int16.MaxValue };
Console.WriteLine("{0,10}  {1,10}\n", "Decimal", "Hex");
foreach (short value in values)
{
   string formatString = String.Format("{0,10:G}: {0,10:X}", value);
   Console.WriteLine(formatString);
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       Decimal         Hex
//
//        -32768:       8000
//           -27:       FFE5
//             0:          0
//          1042:        412
//         32767:       7FFF

open System

let values= [| Int16.MinValue; -27s; 0s; 1042s; Int16.MaxValue |]
printfn "%10s  %10s\n" "Decimal" "Hex"
for value in values do
    String.Format("{0,10:G}: {0,10:X}", value)
    |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//       Decimal         Hex
//    
//        -32768:       8000
//           -27:       FFE5
//             0:          0
//          1042:        412
//         32767:       7FFF

Module Example1
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim values() As Short = {Int16.MinValue, -27, 0, 1042, Int16.MaxValue}
        Console.WriteLine("{0,10}  {1,10}", "Decimal", "Hex")
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each value As Short In values
            Dim formatString As String = String.Format("{0,10:G}: {0,10:X}", value)
            Console.WriteLine(formatString)
        Next
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Decimal         Hex
'    
'        -32768:       8000
'           -27:       FFE5
'             0:          0
'          1042:        412
'         32767:       7FFF

格式和文化

一般而言，引數清單中的物件會依據目前文化特性的慣例，轉換成其字串表示形式，而該慣例是由 CultureInfo.CurrentCulture 屬性傳回。 您可以透過呼叫包含 Format 參數的 provider 多載之一來控制此行為。 provider 參數是 IFormatProvider 實現，提供特定文化和自訂的格式資訊，用來調節格式化過程。

IFormatProvider 介面具有單一成員 GetFormat，負責傳回提供格式信息的物件。 .NET 有三個 IFormatProvider 實作，可提供特定文化特性的格式：

• CultureInfo。 其 GetFormat 方法會傳回特定文化特性 NumberFormatInfo 物件，以格式化數值，以及格式化日期和時間值的特定文化特性 DateTimeFormatInfo 物件。
• DateTimeFormatInfo，用於特定於文化的日期和時間值格式設定。 其 GetFormat 方法會返回自身。
• NumberFormatInfo，用於特定文化特性的數值格式設定。 其 GetFormat(Type) 方法會返回自身。

自訂格式設定作業

您也可以呼叫屬於 Format 方法的任何多載，其具有類型為 provider 的 IFormatProvider 參數，以執行自定義格式設定作業。 例如，您可以將整數格式化為標識碼或電話號碼。 若要執行自定義格式設定，您的 provider 自變數必須同時實作 IFormatProvider 和 ICustomFormatter 介面。 當 Format 方法以 ICustomFormatter 自變數的形式傳遞 provider 實作時，Format 方法會呼叫其 IFormatProvider.GetFormat 實作，並要求類型為 ICustomFormatter的物件。 然後，它會呼叫傳回的 ICustomFormatter 物件的 Format 方法，以格式化傳遞給它之複合字串中的每個格式專案。

如需提供自訂格式解決方案的詳細資訊，請參閱 如何：定義和使用自定義數值格式提供者 和 ICustomFormatter。 如需將整數轉換成格式化自訂數位的範例，請參閱 範例：自訂格式化作業。 如需將不帶正負號位元組轉換成羅馬數位的範例，請參閱 範例：攔截提供者和羅馬數位格式器。

範例：自定義格式設定作業

此範例會定義格式提供者，以 x-xxxxx-xx 格式，將整數值格式化為客戶帳戶號碼。

using System;

public class TestFormatter
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int acctNumber = 79203159;
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(new CustomerFormatter(), "{0}", acctNumber));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(new CustomerFormatter(), "{0:G}", acctNumber));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(new CustomerFormatter(), "{0:S}", acctNumber));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(new CustomerFormatter(), "{0:P}", acctNumber));
      try {
         Console.WriteLine(String.Format(new CustomerFormatter(), "{0:X}", acctNumber));
      }
      catch (FormatException e) {
         Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
      }
   }
}

public class CustomerFormatter : IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
{
   public object GetFormat(Type formatType) 
   {
      if (formatType == typeof(ICustomFormatter))        
         return this; 
      else
         return null;
   }
   
   public string Format(string format, 
                         object arg, 
                         IFormatProvider formatProvider) 
   {                       
      if (! this.Equals(formatProvider))
      {
         return null;
      }
      else
      {
         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(format)) 
            format = "G";
         
         string customerString = arg.ToString();
         if (customerString.Length < 8)
            customerString = customerString.PadLeft(8, '0');
         
         format = format.ToUpper();
         switch (format)
         {
            case "G":
               return customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "-" +
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "-" +
                                     customerString.Substring(6);
            case "S":                          
               return customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "/" +
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "/" +
                                     customerString.Substring(6);
            case "P":                          
               return customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "." +
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "." +
                                     customerString.Substring(6);
            default:
               throw new FormatException( 
                         String.Format("The '{0}' format specifier is not supported.", format));
         }
      }   
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       7-92031-59
//       7-92031-59
//       7/92031/59
//       7.92031.59
//       The 'X' format specifier is not supported.

open System

type CustomerFormatter() = 
    interface IFormatProvider with
        member this.GetFormat(formatType) =
            if formatType = typeof<ICustomFormatter> then
                this
            else
                null

    interface ICustomFormatter with
        member this.Format(format, arg, formatProvider: IFormatProvider) = 
            if this.Equals formatProvider |> not then
                null
            else
                let format = 
                    if String.IsNullOrEmpty format then "G"
                    else format.ToUpper()
                
                let customerString = 
                    let s = string arg
                    if s.Length < 8 then
                        s.PadLeft(8, '0')
                    else s
                
                match format with
                | "G" ->
                    customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "-" +
                        customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "-" +
                        customerString.Substring 6
                | "S" ->                          
                    customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "/" +
                        customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "/" +
                        customerString.Substring 6
                | "P" ->                          
                    customerString.Substring(0, 1) + "." +
                        customerString.Substring(1, 5) + "." +
                        customerString.Substring 6
                | _ ->
                    raise (FormatException $"The '{format}' format specifier is not supported.")

let acctNumber = 79203159
String.Format(CustomerFormatter(), "{0}", acctNumber)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(CustomerFormatter(), "{0:G}", acctNumber)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(CustomerFormatter(), "{0:S}", acctNumber)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(CustomerFormatter(), "{0:P}", acctNumber)
|> printfn "%s"
try
    String.Format(CustomerFormatter(), "{0:X}", acctNumber)
    |> printfn "%s"
with :? FormatException as e ->
    printfn $"{e.Message}"

// The example displays the following output:
//       7-92031-59
//       7-92031-59
//       7/92031/59
//       7.92031.59
//       The 'X' format specifier is not supported.

Module TestFormatter
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim acctNumber As Integer = 79203159
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(New CustomerFormatter, "{0}", acctNumber))
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(New CustomerFormatter, "{0:G}", acctNumber))
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(New CustomerFormatter, "{0:S}", acctNumber))
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(New CustomerFormatter, "{0:P}", acctNumber))
      Try
         Console.WriteLine(String.Format(New CustomerFormatter, "{0:X}", acctNumber))
      Catch e As FormatException
         Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
      End Try   
   End Sub
End Module

Public Class CustomerFormatter : Implements IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
   Public Function GetFormat(type As Type) As Object  _
                   Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
      If type Is GetType(ICustomFormatter) Then
         Return Me
      Else
         Return Nothing
      End If
   End Function
   
   Public Function Format(fmt As String, _
                           arg As Object, _
                           formatProvider As IFormatProvider) As String _
                    Implements ICustomFormatter.Format
      If Not Me.Equals(formatProvider) Then
         Return Nothing
      Else
         If String.IsNullOrEmpty(fmt) Then fmt = "G"
         
         Dim customerString As String = arg.ToString()
         if customerString.Length < 8 Then _
            customerString = customerString.PadLeft(8, "0"c)
         
         Select Case fmt
            Case "G"
               Return customerString.Substring(0, 1) & "-" & _
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) & "-" & _
                                     customerString.Substring(6)
            Case "S"                         
               Return customerString.Substring(0, 1) & "/" & _
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) & "/" & _
                                     customerString.Substring(6)
            Case "P"
               Return customerString.Substring(0, 1) & "." & _
                                     customerString.Substring(1, 5) & "." & _
                                     customerString.Substring(6)
            Case Else
               Throw New FormatException( _
                         String.Format("The '{0}' format specifier is not supported.", fmt))
         End Select                                                     
      End If   
   End Function
End Class
' The example displays the following output:
'       7-92031-59
'       7-92031-59
'       7/92031/59
'       7.92031.59
'       The 'X' format specifier is not supported.

範例：攔截器提供者和羅馬數字格式器

此範例會定義自定義格式提供者，以實作 ICustomFormatter 和 IFormatProvider 介面來執行兩件事：

• 它會顯示傳遞至其 ICustomFormatter.Format 實作的參數。 這可讓我們查看 Format(IFormatProvider, String, Object[]) 方法傳遞給其嘗試格式化之每個物件的自定義格式實作的參數。 在偵錯應用程式時，這會非常有用。
• 如果要格式化的物件是使用 「R」 標準格式字串格式化的不帶正負號位元組值，則自訂格式器會將數值格式化為羅馬數位。

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class InterceptProvider : IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
{
   public object GetFormat(Type formatType)
   {
      if (formatType == typeof(ICustomFormatter))
         return this;
      else
         return null;
   }

   public string Format(String format, Object obj, IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      // Display information about method call.
      string formatString = format ?? "<null>";
      Console.WriteLine("Provider: {0}, Object: {1}, Format String: {2}",
                        provider.GetType().Name, obj ?? "<null>", formatString);

      if (obj == null) return String.Empty;

      // If this is a byte and the "R" format string, format it with Roman numerals.
      if (obj is Byte && formatString.ToUpper().Equals("R")) {
         Byte value = (Byte) obj;
         int remainder;
         int result;
         String returnString = String.Empty;

         // Get the hundreds digit(s)
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 100, out remainder);
         if (result > 0)
            returnString = new String('C', result);
         value = (Byte) remainder;
         // Get the 50s digit
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 50, out remainder);
         if (result == 1)
            returnString += "L";
         value = (Byte) remainder;
         // Get the tens digit.
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 10, out remainder);
         if (result > 0)
            returnString += new String('X', result);
         value = (Byte) remainder;
         // Get the fives digit.
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 5, out remainder);
         if (result > 0)
            returnString += "V";
         value = (Byte) remainder;
         // Add the ones digit.
         if (remainder > 0)
            returnString += new String('I', remainder);

         // Check whether we have too many X characters.
         int pos = returnString.IndexOf("XXXX");
         if (pos >= 0) {
            int xPos = returnString.IndexOf("L");
            if (xPos >= 0 & xPos == pos - 1)
               returnString = returnString.Replace("LXXXX", "XC");
            else
               returnString = returnString.Replace("XXXX", "XL");
         }
         // Check whether we have too many I characters
         pos = returnString.IndexOf("IIII");
         if (pos >= 0)
            if (returnString.IndexOf("V") >= 0)
               returnString = returnString.Replace("VIIII", "IX");
            else
               returnString = returnString.Replace("IIII", "IV");

         return returnString;
      }

      // Use default for all other formatting.
      if (obj is IFormattable)
         return ((IFormattable) obj).ToString(format, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
      else
         return obj.ToString();
   }
}

public class FormatExample12
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int n = 10;
      double value = 16.935;
      DateTime day = DateTime.Now;
      InterceptProvider provider = new InterceptProvider();
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:N0}: {1:C2} on {2:d}\n", n, value, day));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0}: {1:F}\n", "Today: ",
                                      (DayOfWeek) DateTime.Now.DayOfWeek));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:X}, {1}, {2}\n",
                                      (Byte) 2, (Byte) 12, (Byte) 199));
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:R}, {1:R}, {2:R}\n",
                                      (Byte) 2, (Byte) 12, (Byte) 199));
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 10, Format String: N0
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 16.935, Format String: C2
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 1/31/2013 6:10:28 PM, Format String: d
//    10: $16.94 on 1/31/2013
//
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Today: , Format String: <null>
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Thursday, Format String: F
//    Today: : Thursday
//
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: X
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: <null>
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: <null>
//    2, 12, 199
//
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: R
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: R
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: R
//    II, XII, CXCIX

open System
open System.Globalization

type InterceptProvider() =
    interface IFormatProvider with
        member this.GetFormat(formatType) =
            if formatType = typeof<ICustomFormatter> then
                this
            else
                null
    interface ICustomFormatter with
        member _.Format(format, obj, provider: IFormatProvider) = 
            // Display information about method call.
            let formatString =
                if format = null then "<null>" else format
            printfn $"Provider: {provider.GetType().Name}, Object: %A{obj}, Format String: %s{formatString}"
                                
            if obj = null then
                String.Empty
            else
                // If this is a byte and the "R" format string, format it with Roman numerals.
                match obj with
                | :? byte as value when formatString.ToUpper().Equals "R" -> 
                    let mutable returnString = String.Empty

                    // Get the hundreds digit(s)
                    let struct (result, remainder) = Math.DivRem(value, 100uy)
                    if result > 0uy then
                        returnString <- String('C', int result)
                    let value = byte remainder
                    // Get the 50s digit
                    let struct (result, remainder) = Math.DivRem(value, 50uy)
                    if result = 1uy then
                        returnString <- returnString + "L"
                    let value = byte remainder
                    // Get the tens digit.
                    let struct (result, remainder) = Math.DivRem(value, 10uy)
                    if result > 0uy then
                        returnString <- returnString + String('X', int result)
                    let value = byte remainder 
                    // Get the fives digit.
                    let struct (result, remainder) = Math.DivRem(value, 5uy)
                    if result > 0uy then
                        returnString <- returnString + "V"
                    let value = byte remainder
                    // Add the ones digit.
                    if remainder > 0uy then 
                        returnString <- returnString + String('I', int remainder)
                    
                    // Check whether we have too many X characters.
                    let pos = returnString.IndexOf "XXXX"
                    if pos >= 0 then
                        let xPos = returnString.IndexOf "L" 
                        returnString <-
                            if xPos >= 0 && xPos = pos - 1 then
                                returnString.Replace("LXXXX", "XC")
                            else
                                returnString.Replace("XXXX", "XL")   
                    // Check whether we have too many I characters
                    let pos = returnString.IndexOf "IIII"
                    if pos >= 0 then
                        returnString <-
                            if returnString.IndexOf "V" >= 0 then
                                returnString.Replace("VIIII", "IX")
                            else
                                returnString.Replace("IIII", "IV")    
                    returnString 

                // Use default for all other formatting.
                | :? IFormattable as x ->
                    x.ToString(format, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)
                | _ ->
                    string obj

let n = 10
let value = 16.935
let day = DateTime.Now
let provider = InterceptProvider()
String.Format(provider, "{0:N0}: {1:C2} on {2:d}\n", n, value, day)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(provider, "{0}: {1:F}\n", "Today: ", DateTime.Now.DayOfWeek)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(provider, "{0:X}, {1}, {2}\n", 2uy, 12uy, 199uy)
|> printfn "%s"
String.Format(provider, "{0:R}, {1:R}, {2:R}\n", 2uy, 12uy, 199uy)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 10, Format String: N0
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 16.935, Format String: C2
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 1/31/2013 6:10:28 PM, Format String: d
//    10: $16.94 on 1/31/2013
//    
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Today: , Format String: <null>
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Thursday, Format String: F
//    Today: : Thursday
//    
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: X
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: <null>
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: <null>
//    2, 12, 199
//    
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: R
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: R
//    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: R
//    II, XII, CXCIX

Imports System.Globalization

Public Class InterceptProvider : Implements IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
   Public Function GetFormat(formatType As Type) As Object _
         Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
      If formatType Is GetType(ICustomFormatter) Then
         Return Me
      Else
         Return Nothing
      End If
   End Function

   Public Function Format(fmt As String, obj As Object, provider As IFormatProvider) As String _
         Implements ICustomFormatter.Format

      Dim formatString As String = If(fmt IsNot Nothing, fmt, "<null>")
      Console.WriteLine("Provider: {0}, Object: {1}, Format String: {2}",
                        provider, If(obj IsNot Nothing, obj, "<null>"), formatString)

      If obj Is Nothing Then Return String.Empty

      ' If this is a byte and the "R" format string, format it with Roman numerals.
      If TypeOf(obj) Is Byte AndAlso formatString.ToUpper.Equals("R") Then
         Dim value As Byte = CByte(obj)
         Dim remainder As Integer
         Dim result As Integer
         Dim returnString As String = String.Empty

         ' Get the hundreds digit(s)
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 100, remainder)
         If result > 0 Then returnString = New String("C"c, result)
         value = CByte(remainder)
         ' Get the 50s digit
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 50, remainder)
         If result = 1 Then returnString += "L"
         value = CByte(remainder)
         ' Get the tens digit.
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 10, remainder)
         If result > 0 Then returnString += New String("X"c, result)
         value = CByte(remainder)
         ' Get the fives digit.
         result = Math.DivRem(value, 5, remainder)
         If result > 0 Then returnString += "V"
         value = CByte(remainder)
         ' Add the ones digit.
         If remainder > 0 Then returnString += New String("I"c, remainder)

         ' Check whether we have too many X characters.
         Dim pos As Integer = returnString.IndexOf("XXXX")
         If pos >= 0 Then
            Dim xPos As Integer = returnString.IndexOf("L")
            If xPos >= 0 And xPos = pos - 1 Then
               returnString = returnString.Replace("LXXXX", "XC")
            Else
               returnString = returnString.Replace("XXXX", "XL")
            End If
         End If
         ' Check whether we have too many I characters
         pos = returnString.IndexOf("IIII")
         If pos >= 0 Then
            If returnString.IndexOf("V") >= 0 Then
               returnString = returnString.Replace("VIIII", "IX")
            Else
               returnString = returnString.Replace("IIII", "IV")
            End If
         End If
         Return returnString
      End If

      ' Use default for all other formatting.
      If TypeOf obj Is IFormattable Then
         Return CType(obj, IFormattable).ToString(fmt, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)
      Else
         Return obj.ToString()
      End If
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim n As Integer = 10
      Dim value As Double = 16.935
      Dim day As DateTime = Date.Now
      Dim provider As New InterceptProvider()
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:N0}: {1:C2} on {2:d}", n, value, day))
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0}: {1:F}", "Today",
                                      CType(Date.Now.DayOfWeek, DayOfWeek)))
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:X}, {1}, {2}\n",
                                      CByte(2), CByte(12), CByte(199)))
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine(String.Format(provider, "{0:R}, {1:R}, {2:R}",
                                      CByte(2), CByte(12), CByte(199)))
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 10, Format String: N0
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 16.935, Format String: C2
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 1/31/2013 6:10:28 PM, Format String: d
'    10: $16.94 on 1/31/2013
'
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Today: , Format String: <null>
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: Thursday, Format String: F
'    Today: : Thursday
'
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: X
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: <null>
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: <null>
'    2, 12, 199
'
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 2, Format String: R
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 12, Format String: R
'    Provider: InterceptProvider, Object: 199, Format String: R
'    II, XII, CXCIX

FAQ

為什麼建議使用字串插補，而不是呼叫 String.Format 方法？

字串插補為：

• 更有彈性。 它可以在任何字串中使用，而不需要呼叫支持複合格式的方法。 否則，您必須呼叫 Format 方法或其他支援複合格式的方法，例如 Console.WriteLine 或 StringBuilder.AppendFormat。
• 更容易閱讀。 因為要插入字串的運算式會出現在插入運算式中，而不是出現在自變數清單中，因此插補字串更容易撰寫程式代碼和讀取。 插補字串也可用於字串串連作業，以產生更簡潔、更清楚的程序代碼。

透過比較以下兩個程式碼範例，可說明插值字串相較於字串串接和調用複合格式化方法的優越性。 在下列範例中，使用多個字串串連操作會產生冗長且難以閱讀的程式碼。

string[] names = { "Balto", "Vanya", "Dakota", "Samuel", "Koani", "Yiska", "Yuma" };
string output = names[0] + ", " + names[1] + ", " + names[2] + ", " +
                names[3] + ", " + names[4] + ", " + names[5] + ", " +
                names[6];

output += "\n";
var date = DateTime.Now;
output += String.Format("It is {0:t} on {0:d}. The day of the week is {1}.",
                        date, date.DayOfWeek);
Console.WriteLine(output);
// The example displays the following output:
//     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
//     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

open System

let names = [| "Balto"; "Vanya"; "Dakota"; "Samuel"; "Koani"; "Yiska"; "Yuma" |]
let output = 
    names[0] + ", " + names[1] + ", " + names[2] + ", " + 
    names[3] + ", " + names[4] + ", " + names[5] + ", " + 
    names[6] + "\n"

let date = DateTime.Now
output + String.Format("It is {0:t} on {0:d}. The day of the week is {1}.", date, date.DayOfWeek)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
//     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

Module Example12
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim names = {"Balto", "Vanya", "Dakota", "Samuel", "Koani", "Yiska", "Yuma"}
        Dim output = names(0) + ", " + names(1) + ", " + names(2) + ", " +
                   names(3) + ", " + names(4) + ", " + names(5) + ", " +
                   names(6)

        output += vbCrLf
        Dim dat = DateTime.Now
        output += String.Format("It is {0:t} on {0:d}. The day of the week is {1}.",
                              dat, dat.DayOfWeek)
        Console.WriteLine(output)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
'     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

相反地，在下列範例中使用插補字串會產生比在上一個範例中使用字串串連語句和呼叫 Format 方法更清楚、更簡潔的代碼。

string[] names = { "Balto", "Vanya", "Dakota", "Samuel", "Koani", "Yiska", "Yuma" };
string output = $"{names[0]}, {names[1]}, {names[2]}, {names[3]}, {names[4]}, " +
                $"{names[5]}, {names[6]}";

var date = DateTime.Now;
output += $"\nIt is {date:t} on {date:d}. The day of the week is {date.DayOfWeek}.";
Console.WriteLine(output);
// The example displays the following output:
//     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
//     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

open System

let names = [| "Balto"; "Vanya"; "Dakota"; "Samuel"; "Koani"; "Yiska"; "Yuma" |]
let output = $"{names[0]}, {names[1]}, {names[2]}, {names[3]}, {names[4]}, {names[5]}, {names[6]}"  

let date = DateTime.Now
output + $"\nIt is {date:t} on {date:d}. The day of the week is {date.DayOfWeek}."
|> printfn "%s" 
// The example displays the following output:
//     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
//     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

Module Example13
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim names = {"Balto", "Vanya", "Dakota", "Samuel", "Koani", "Yiska", "Yuma"}
        Dim output = $"{names(0)}, {names(1)}, {names(2)}, {names(3)}, {names(4)}, " +
                   $"{names(5)}, {names(6)}"

        Dim dat = DateTime.Now
        output += $"{vbCrLf}It is {dat:t} on {dat:d}. The day of the week is {dat.DayOfWeek}."
        Console.WriteLine(output)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'     Balto, Vanya, Dakota, Samuel, Koani, Yiska, Yuma
'     It is 10:29 AM on 1/8/2018. The day of the week is Monday.

哪裡可以找到預先定義的格式字串？

• 如需所有整數和浮點類型，請參閱 標準數值格式字串 和 自定義數值格式字串。
• 如需日期和時間值，請參閱 標準日期和時間格式字串 和 自定義日期和時間格式字串。
• 如需列舉值，請參閱 列舉格式字串。
• 如需 TimeSpan 值，請參閱 標準 TimeSpan 格式字串 和 自訂 TimeSpan 格式字串。
• 如需 Guid 值，請參閱 Guid.ToString(String) 參考頁面的備註部分。

如何控制取代格式項目的結果字串對齊方式？

格式專案的一般語法為：

{index[,width][: formatString]}

width 是定義欄位寬度的帶正負號整數。 如果此值為負值，則字段中的文字會靠左對齊。 如果是正數，文字會靠右對齊。

如何控制小數分隔符后的位數？

除了用於整數的「D」、以及「G」、「R」和「X」以外，所有 標準數值格式字串 都允許有一個小數位數的精確指定符來定義結果字串中的小數位數。 下列範例會使用標準數值格式字串來控制結果字串中的十進位數。

object[] values = { 1603, 1794.68235, 15436.14 };
string result;
foreach (var value in values)
{
    result = String.Format("{0,12:C2}   {0,12:E3}   {0,12:F4}   {0,12:N3}  {1,12:P2}\n",
                           Convert.ToDouble(value), Convert.ToDouble(value) / 10000);
    Console.WriteLine(result);
}
// The example displays output like the following:
//       $1,603.00     1.603E+003      1603.0000      1,603.000       16.03 %
//
//       $1,794.68     1.795E+003      1794.6824      1,794.682       17.95 %
//
//      $15,436.14     1.544E+004     15436.1400     15,436.140      154.36 %

open System

let values: obj list = [ 1603, 1794.68235, 15436.14 ]
for value in values do
   String.Format("{0,12:C2}   {0,12:E3}   {0,12:F4}   {0,12:N3}  {1,12:P2}\n", Convert.ToDouble(value), Convert.ToDouble(value) / 10000.)
   |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays output like the following:
//       $1,603.00     1.603E+003      1603.0000      1,603.000       16.03 %
//    
//       $1,794.68     1.795E+003      1794.6824      1,794.682       17.95 %
//    
//      $15,436.14     1.544E+004     15436.1400     15,436.140      154.36 %

Module Example7
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim values() As Object = {1603, 1794.68235, 15436.14}
        Dim result As String
        For Each value In values
            result = String.Format("{0,12:C2}   {0,12:E3}   {0,12:F4}   {0,12:N3}  {1,12:P2}",
                                value, CDbl(value) / 10000)
            Console.WriteLine(result)
            Console.WriteLine()
        Next
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       $1,603.00     1.603E+003      1603.0000      1,603.000       16.03 %
'    
'       $1,794.68     1.795E+003      1794.6824      1,794.682       17.95 %
'    
'      $15,436.14     1.544E+004     15436.1400     15,436.140      154.36 %

如果您使用 自定義數值格式字串，請使用 「0」 格式規範來控制結果字串中的十進位數，如下列範例所示。

decimal value = 16309.5436m;
string result = String.Format("{0,12:#.00000} {0,12:0,000.00} {0,12:000.00#}",
                              value);
Console.WriteLine(result);
// The example displays the following output:
//        16309.54360    16,309.54    16309.544

let value = 16309.5436m
String.Format("{0,12:#.00000} {0,12:0,000.00} {0,12:000.00#}", value)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//        16309.54360    16,309.54    16309.544

Module Example8
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim value As Decimal = 16309.5436D
        Dim result As String = String.Format("{0,12:#.00000} {0,12:0,000.00} {0,12:000.00#}",
                                           value)
        Console.WriteLine(result)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    16309.54360    16,309.54    16309.544

如何控制整數位數？

根據預設，格式化作業只會顯示非零整數數位。 如果您要格式化整數，您可以使用精確度規範搭配 "D" 和 "X" 標準格式字串來控制位數。

int value = 1326;
string result = String.Format("{0,10:D6} {0,10:X8}", value);
Console.WriteLine(result);
// The example displays the following output:
//     001326   0000052E

open System

let value = 1326
String.Format("{0,10:D6} {0,10:X8}", value)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//     001326   0000052E

Module Example10
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim value As Integer = 1326
        Dim result As String = String.Format("{0,10:D6} {0,10:X8}", value)
        Console.WriteLine(result)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       001326   0000052E

您可以使用 “0” 自定義數值格式規範，填補具有前置零的整數或浮點數，以產生具有指定整數數位數的結果字元串，如下列範例所示。

int value = 16342;
string result = String.Format("{0,18:00000000} {0,18:00000000.000} {0,18:000,0000,000.0}",
                              value);
Console.WriteLine(result);
// The example displays the following output:
//           00016342       00016342.000    0,000,016,342.0

open System

let value = 16342
String.Format("{0,18:00000000} {0,18:00000000.000} {0,18:000,0000,000.0}", value)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//           00016342       00016342.000    0,000,016,342.0

Module Example9
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim value As Integer = 16342
        Dim result As String = String.Format("{0,18:00000000} {0,18:00000000.000} {0,18:000,0000,000.0}",
                                           value)
        Console.WriteLine(result)
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'           00016342       00016342.000    0,000,016,342.0

我可以在格式清單中包含多少個專案？

沒有實際的限制。 Format(IFormatProvider, String, Object[]) 方法的第二個參數會以 ParamArrayAttribute 屬性標記，這可讓您將分隔清單或物件陣列包含在格式清單中。

如何在結果字串中包含字面大括號（「{」和「}」）？

例如，如何防止下列方法的呼叫擲回 FormatException 例外狀況？

result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{' characters and {1} '}' characters.",
                       nOpen, nClose);

let result = 
    String.Format("The text has {0} '{' characters and {1} '}' characters.", nOpen, nClose)

result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{' characters and {1} '}' characters.",
                 nOpen, nClose)

單個左大括弧或右大括弧一律會被解釋為格式項目的開頭或結尾。 若要以字面方式解譯，則必須跳脫它。 您可以透過新增另一個大括弧來跳脫大括弧 （“{{” 和 “}}”，而不是 “{” 和 “}”），如下列方法呼叫中所示：

string result;
int nOpen = 1;
int nClose = 2;
result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{{' characters and {1} '}}' characters.",
                       nOpen, nClose);
Console.WriteLine(result);

let result =
    String.Format("The text has {0} '{{' characters and {1} '}}' characters.", nOpen, nClose)

result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{{' characters and {1} '}}' characters.",
                 nOpen, nClose)

不過，即使是逸出的大括弧也很容易被誤解。 我們建議您在格式列表中加入大括弧，並使用格式項目將它們插入到結果字串中，正如以下範例所示。

string result;
int nOpen = 1;
int nClose = 2;
result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{1}' characters and {2} '{3}' characters.",
                       nOpen, "{", nClose, "}");
Console.WriteLine(result);

let result =
    String.Format("The text has {0} '{1}' characters and {2} '{3}' characters.", nOpen, "{", nClose, "}")

result = String.Format("The text has {0} '{1}' characters and {2} '{3}' characters.",
                 nOpen, "{", nClose, "}")

為什麼呼叫 String.Format 方法會擲回 FormatException？

例外狀況最常見的原因是格式專案的索引不會對應至格式清單中的物件。 這通常表示您已錯誤編號格式專案的索引，或忘記在格式清單中包含物件。 試著包含未進行轉義的左大括弧或右大括號字元，也會引發 FormatException。 有時候，例外狀況是錯字的結果;例如，典型的錯誤是輸入 “[” （左括弧）而不是 “{” （左大括弧）。

如果 Format（System.IFormatProvider，System.String，System.Object[]） 方法支持參數陣列，為什麼我的程式碼在使用陣列時擲回例外狀況？

例如，下列程式代碼會擲回 FormatException 例外狀況：

Random rnd = new Random();
int[] numbers = new int[4];
int total = 0;
for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 2; ctr++)
{
    int number = rnd.Next(1001);
    numbers[ctr] = number;
    total += number;
}
numbers[3] = total;
Console.WriteLine($"{numbers} + {1} + {2} = {3}");

open System

let rnd = Random()
let mutable total = 0
let numbers = Array.zeroCreate<int> 4
for i = 0 to 2 do
   let number = rnd.Next 1001
   numbers[i] <- number
   total <- total + number
numbers[3] <- total
Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} + {2} = {3}", numbers)

Module Example5a
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim rnd As New Random()
        Dim numbers(3) As Integer
        Dim total As Integer = 0
        For ctr = 0 To 2
            Dim number As Integer = rnd.Next(1001)
            numbers(ctr) = number
            total += number
        Next
        numbers(3) = total
        Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} + {2} = {3}", numbers)
    End Sub
End Module

這是編譯器多載解析的問題。 因為編譯程式無法將整數數位轉換成物件陣列，所以它會將整數數位視為單一自變數，因此它會呼叫 Format(String, Object) 方法。 因為有四個格式專案，但格式清單中只有單一專案，因此會擲回例外狀況。

因為 Visual Basic 和 C# 都無法將整數數位轉換成物件陣列，因此您必須先自行執行轉換，再呼叫 Format(String, Object[]) 方法。 下列範例提供一個實作。

Random rnd = new Random();
int[] numbers = new int[4];
int total = 0;
for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 2; ctr++)
{
    int number = rnd.Next(1001);
    numbers[ctr] = number;
    total += number;
}
numbers[3] = total;
object[] values = new object[numbers.Length];
numbers.CopyTo(values, 0);
Console.WriteLine($"{values} + {1} + {2} = {3}");

open System

let rnd = Random()
let numbers = Array.zeroCreate<int> 4
let mutable total = 0
for i = 0 to 2 do
   let number = rnd.Next 1001
   numbers[i] <- number
   total <- total + number
numbers[3] <- total
let values = Array.zeroCreate<obj> numbers.Length
numbers.CopyTo(values, 0)
Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} + {2} = {3}", values)

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Module Example6
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim rnd As New Random()
        Dim numbers(3) As Integer
        Dim total As Integer = 0
        For ctr = 0 To 2
            Dim number As Integer = rnd.Next(1001)
            numbers(ctr) = number
            total += number
        Next
        numbers(3) = total
        Dim values(numbers.Length - 1) As Object
        numbers.CopyTo(values, 0)
        Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} + {2} = {3}", values)
    End Sub
End Module

備註

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0, System::Object ^ arg1, System::Object ^ arg2);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider provider, string format, object arg0, object arg1, object arg2);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, string format, object? arg0, object? arg1, object? arg2);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * string * obj * obj * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As String, arg0 As Object, arg1 As Object, arg2 As Object) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0, System::Object ^ arg1);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider provider, string format, object arg0, object arg1);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, string format, object? arg0, object? arg1);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * string * obj * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As String, arg0 As Object, arg1 As Object) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0, System::Object ^ arg1);

public static string Format(string format, object arg0, object arg1);

public static string Format(string format, object? arg0, object? arg1);

static member Format : string * obj * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (format As String, arg0 As Object, arg1 As Object) As String

Dictionary<DateTime, Double> temperatureInfo = new Dictionary<DateTime, Double>();
temperatureInfo.Add(new DateTime(2010, 6, 1, 14, 0, 0), 87.46);
temperatureInfo.Add(new DateTime(2010, 12, 1, 10, 0, 0), 36.81);

Console.WriteLine("Temperature Information:\n");
string output;
foreach (var item in temperatureInfo)
{
   output = String.Format("Temperature at {0,8:t} on {0,9:d}: {1,5:N1}°F",
                          item.Key, item.Value);
   Console.WriteLine(output);
}
// The example displays output like the following:
//       Temperature Information:
//
//       Temperature at  2:00 PM on  6/1/2010:  87.5°F
//       Temperature at 10:00 AM on 12/1/2010:  36.8°F

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

let temperatureInfo = Dictionary<DateTime, float>() 
temperatureInfo.Add(DateTime(2010, 6, 1, 14, 0, 0), 87.46)
temperatureInfo.Add(DateTime(2010, 12, 1, 10, 0, 0), 36.81)

printfn $"Temperature Information:\n"
for item in temperatureInfo do
   String.Format("Temperature at {0,8:t} on {0,9:d}: {1,5:N1}°F", item.Key, item.Value)
   |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays output like the following:
//       Temperature Information:
//       
//       Temperature at  2:00 PM on  6/1/2010:  87.5°F
//       Temperature at 10:00 AM on 12/1/2010:  36.8°F

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim temperatureInfo As New Dictionary(Of Date, Double) 
      temperatureInfo.Add(#6/1/2010 2:00PM#, 87.46)
      temperatureInfo.Add(#12/1/2010 10:00AM#, 36.81)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Temperature Information:")
      Console.WriteLine()
      Dim output As String   
      For Each item In temperatureInfo
         output = String.Format("Temperature at {0,8:t} on {0,9:d}: {1,5:N1}°F", _
                                item.Key, item.Value)
         Console.WriteLine(output)
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Temperature Information:
'       
'       Temperature at  2:00 PM on  6/1/2010:  87.5°F
'       Temperature at 10:00 AM on 12/1/2010:  36.8°F

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::Text::CompositeFormat ^ format, ReadOnlySpan<System::Object ^> args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, scoped ReadOnlySpan<object?> args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, ReadOnlySpan<object?> args);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * System.Text.CompositeFormat * ReadOnlySpan<obj> -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As CompositeFormat, args As ReadOnlySpan(Of Object)) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::Text::CompositeFormat ^ format, ... cli::array <System::Object ^> ^ args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, params object?[] args);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * System.Text.CompositeFormat * obj[] -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As CompositeFormat, ParamArray args As Object()) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0, System::Object ^ arg1, System::Object ^ arg2);

public static string Format(string format, object arg0, object arg1, object arg2);

public static string Format(string format, object? arg0, object? arg1, object? arg2);

static member Format : string * obj * obj * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (format As String, arg0 As Object, arg1 As Object, arg2 As Object) As String

string formatString = "    {0,10} ({0,8:X8})\n" +
                      "And {1,10} ({1,8:X8})\n" +
                      "  = {2,10} ({2,8:X8})";
int value1 = 16932;
int value2 = 15421;
string result = string.Format(formatString,
                              value1, value2, value1 & value2);
Console.WriteLine(result);

// The example displays the following output:
//                16932 (00004224)
//       And      15421 (00003C3D)
//         =         36 (00000024)

open System

let formatString = 
    "    {0,10} ({0,8:X8})\nAnd {1,10} ({1,8:X8})\n  = {2,10} ({2,8:X8})"

let value1 = 16932
let value2 = 15421
String.Format(formatString, value1, value2, value1 &&& value2)
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//                16932 (00004224)
//       And      15421 (00003C3D)
//         =         36 (00000024)

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim formatString As String = "    {0,10} ({0,8:X8})" + vbCrLf +  _
                                   "And {1,10} ({1,8:X8})" + vbCrLf + _
                                   "  = {2,10} ({2,8:X8})"
      Dim value1 As Integer = 16932
      Dim value2 As Integer = 15421
      Dim result As String = String.Format(formatString, _
                                           value1, value2, value1 And value2)
      Console.WriteLine(result)                          
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'                16932 (00004224)
'       And      15421 (00003C3D)
'         =         36 (00000024)

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::String ^ format, ... cli::array <System::Object ^> ^ args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider provider, string format, params object[] args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, string format, params object?[] args);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * string * obj[] -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As String, ParamArray args As Object()) As String

string[] cultureNames = { "en-US", "fr-FR", "de-DE", "es-ES" };

DateTime dateToDisplay = new DateTime(2009, 9, 1, 18, 32, 0);
double value = 9164.32;

Console.WriteLine("Culture     Date                                Value\n");
foreach (string cultureName in cultureNames)
{
   System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo(cultureName);
   string output = String.Format(culture, "{0,-11} {1,-35:D} {2:N}",
                                 culture.Name, dateToDisplay, value);
   Console.WriteLine(output);
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    Culture     Date                                Value
//
//    en-US       Tuesday, September 01, 2009         9,164.32
//    fr-FR       mardi 1 septembre 2009              9 164,32
//    de-DE       Dienstag, 1. September 2009         9.164,32
//    es-ES       martes, 01 de septiembre de 2009    9.164,32

open System
open System.Globalization

let cultureNames = [| "en-US"; "fr-FR"; "de-DE"; "es-ES" |]

let dateToDisplay = DateTime(2009, 9, 1, 18, 32, 0)
let value = 9164.32

printfn "Culture     Date                                Value\n"
for cultureName in cultureNames do
    let culture = CultureInfo cultureName
    String.Format(culture, "{0,-11} {1,-35:D} {2:N}", culture.Name, dateToDisplay, value)
    |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//    Culture     Date                                Value
//    
//    en-US       Tuesday, September 01, 2009         9,164.32
//    fr-FR       mardi 1 septembre 2009              9 164,32
//    de-DE       Dienstag, 1. September 2009         9.164,32
//    es-ES       martes, 01 de septiembre de 2009    9.164,32

Imports System.Globalization

Module Example2
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim cultureNames() As String = { "en-US", "fr-FR", "de-DE", "es-ES" }

      Dim dateToDisplay As Date = #9/1/2009 6:32PM#
      Dim value As Double = 9164.32

      Console.WriteLine("Culture     Date                                Value")
      Console.WriteLine()
      For Each cultureName As String In cultureNames
         Dim culture As New CultureInfo(cultureName)
         Dim output As String = String.Format(culture, "{0,-11} {1,-35:D} {2:N}", _
                                              culture.Name, dateToDisplay, value)
         Console.WriteLine(output)
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Culture     Date                                Value
'
'       en-US       Tuesday, September 01, 2009         9,164.32
'       fr-FR       mardi 1 septembre 2009              9 164,32
'       de-DE       Dienstag, 1. September 2009         9.164,32
'       es-ES       martes, 01 de septiembre de 2009    9.164,32

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider provider, string format, object arg0);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, string format, object? arg0);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * string * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As String, arg0 As Object) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(System::String ^ format, ReadOnlySpan<System::Object ^> args);

public static string Format(string format, scoped ReadOnlySpan<object?> args);

static member Format : string * ReadOnlySpan<obj> -> string

Public Shared Function Format (format As String, args As ReadOnlySpan(Of Object)) As String

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(System::String ^ format, ... cli::array <System::Object ^> ^ args);

public static string Format(string format, params object[] args);

public static string Format(string format, params object?[] args);

static member Format : string * obj[] -> string

Public Shared Function Format (format As String, ParamArray args As Object()) As String

DateTime date1 = new DateTime(2009, 7, 1);
TimeSpan hiTime = new TimeSpan(14, 17, 32);
decimal hiTemp = 62.1m;
TimeSpan loTime = new TimeSpan(3, 16, 10);
decimal loTemp = 54.8m;

string result1 = String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:\n{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi)\n{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)",
                               date1, hiTime, hiTemp, loTime, loTemp);
Console.WriteLine(result1);
Console.WriteLine();

string result2 = String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:\n{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi)\n{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)",
                               new object[] { date1, hiTime, hiTemp, loTime, loTemp });
Console.WriteLine(result2);
// The example displays output like the following:
//       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
//          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
//          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)
//       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
//          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
//          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)

let date1 = DateTime(2009, 7, 1)
let hiTime = TimeSpan(14, 17, 32)
let hiTemp = 62.1m 
let loTime = TimeSpan(3, 16, 10)
let loTemp = 54.8m 

String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:\n{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi)\n{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)", date1, hiTime, hiTemp, loTime, loTemp)
|> printfn "%s\n"
      
String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:\n{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi)\n{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)", [| date1 :> obj; hiTime; hiTemp; loTime; loTemp |])
|> printfn "%s"
// The example displays output like the following:
//       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
//          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
//          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)
//       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
//          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
//          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim date1 As Date = #7/1/2009#
      Dim hiTime As New TimeSpan(14, 17, 32)
      Dim hiTemp As Decimal = 62.1d 
      Dim loTime As New TimeSpan(3, 16, 10)
      Dim loTemp As Decimal = 54.8d 

      Dim result1 As String = String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:{5}{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi){5}{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)", _
                                           date1, hiTime, hiTemp, loTime, loTemp, vbCrLf)
      Console.WriteLine(result1)
      Console.WriteLine()
           
      Dim result2 As String = String.Format("Temperature on {0:d}:{5}{1,11}: {2} degrees (hi){5}{3,11}: {4} degrees (lo)", _
                                            New Object() { date1, hiTime, hiTemp, loTime, loTemp, vbCrLf })
      Console.WriteLine(result2)                                            
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
'          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
'          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)
'
'       Temperature on 7/1/2009:
'          14:17:32: 62.1 degrees (hi)
'          03:16:10: 54.8 degrees (lo)

using System;

public class CityInfo
{
   public CityInfo(String name, int population, Decimal area, int year)
   {
      this.Name = name;
      this.Population = population;
      this.Area = area;
      this.Year = year;
   }
   
   public readonly String Name; 
   public readonly int Population;
   public readonly Decimal Area;
   public readonly int Year;
}

public class FormatExample10
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      CityInfo nyc2010 = new CityInfo("New York", 8175133, 302.64m, 2010);
      ShowPopulationData(nyc2010);
      CityInfo sea2010 = new CityInfo("Seattle", 608660, 83.94m, 2010);      
      ShowPopulationData(sea2010); 
   }

   private static void ShowPopulationData(CityInfo city)
   {
      object[] args = { city.Name, city.Year, city.Population, city.Area };
      String result = String.Format("{0} in {1}: Population {2:N0}, Area {3:N1} sq. feet", 
                                    args);
      Console.WriteLine(result); 
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       New York in 2010: Population 8,175,133, Area 302.6 sq. feet
//       Seattle in 2010: Population 608,660, Area 83.9 sq. feet

open System

type CityInfo =
  { Name: string
    Population: int
    Area: Decimal
    Year: int }

let showPopulationData city =
    let args: obj[] = [| city.Name; city.Year; city.Population; city.Area |]
    String.Format("{0} in {1}: Population {2:N0}, Area {3:N1} sq. feet", args)
    |> printfn "%s"

{ Name = "New York"; Population = 8175133; Area = 302.64m; Year = 2010 }
|> showPopulationData

 
{ Name = "Seattle"; Population = 608660; Area = 83.94m; Year = 2010 }      
|> showPopulationData 

// The example displays the following output:
//       New York in 2010: Population 8,175,133, Area 302.6 sq. feet
//       Seattle in 2010: Population 608,660, Area 83.9 sq. feet

Public Class CityInfo
   Public Sub New(name As String, population As Integer, area As Decimal, year As Integer)
      Me.Name = name
      Me.Population = population
      Me.Area = area
      Me.Year = year
   End Sub
   
   Public ReadOnly Name As String
   Public ReadOnly Population As Integer
   Public ReadOnly Area As Decimal
   Public ReadOnly Year As Integer
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim nyc2010 As New CityInfo("New York", 8175133, 302.64d, 2010)
      ShowPopulationData(nyc2010)
      Dim sea2010 As New CityInfo("Seattle", 608660, 83.94d, 2010)      
      ShowPopulationData(sea2010) 
   End Sub
   
   Private Sub ShowPopulationData(city As CityInfo)
      Dim args() As Object = { city.Name, city.Year, city.Population, city.Area }
      Dim result = String.Format("{0} in {1}: Population {2:N0}, Area {3:N1} sq. feet", args)
      Console.WriteLine(result) 
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       New York in 2010: Population 8,175,133, Area 302.6 sq. feet
'       Seattle in 2010: Population 608,660, Area 83.9 sq. feet

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(System::String ^ format, System::Object ^ arg0);

public static string Format(string format, object arg0);

public static string Format(string format, object? arg0);

static member Format : string * obj -> string

Public Shared Function Format (format As String, arg0 As Object) As String

DateTime birthdate = new DateTime(1993, 7, 28);
DateTime[] dates = { new DateTime(1993, 8, 16),
                     new DateTime(1994, 7, 28),
                     new DateTime(2000, 10, 16),
                     new DateTime(2003, 7, 27),
                     new DateTime(2007, 5, 27) };

foreach (DateTime dateValue in dates)
{
   TimeSpan interval = dateValue - birthdate;
   // Get the approximate number of years, without accounting for leap years.
   int years = ((int) interval.TotalDays) / 365;
   // See if adding the number of years exceeds dateValue.
   string output;
   if (birthdate.AddYears(years) <= dateValue) {
      output = String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years);
      Console.WriteLine(output);
   }
   else {
      output = String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years - 1);
      Console.WriteLine(output);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       You are now 0 years old.
//       You are now 1 years old.
//       You are now 7 years old.
//       You are now 9 years old.
//       You are now 13 years old.

let birthdate = DateTime(1993, 7, 28)
let dates = 
    [ DateTime(1993, 8, 16) 
      DateTime(1994, 7, 28)
      DateTime(2000, 10, 16)
      DateTime(2003, 7, 27)
      DateTime(2007, 5, 27) ]

for dateValue in dates do
    let interval = dateValue - birthdate
    // Get the approximate number of years, without accounting for leap years.
    let years = (int interval.TotalDays) / 365
    // See if adding the number of years exceeds dateValue.
    if birthdate.AddYears years <= dateValue then
        String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years)
    else
        String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years - 1)
    |> printfn "%s"
// The example displays the following output:
//       You are now 0 years old.
//       You are now 1 years old.
//       You are now 7 years old.
//       You are now 9 years old.
//       You are now 13 years old.

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim birthdate As Date = #7/28/1993#
      Dim dates() As Date = { #9/16/1993#, #7/28/1994#, #10/16/2000#, _
                              #7/27/2003#, #5/27/2007# }
      For Each dateValue As Date In dates
         Dim interval As TimeSpan = dateValue - birthdate
         ' Get the approximate number of years, without accounting for leap years.
         Dim years As Integer = CInt(interval.TotalDays) \ 365
         ' See if adding the number of years exceeds dateValue.
         Dim output As String
         If birthdate.AddYears(years) <= dateValue Then
            output = String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years)
            Console.WriteLine(output)
         Else
            output = String.Format("You are now {0} years old.", years - 1)
            Console.WriteLine(output)   
         End If
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       You are now 0 years old.
'       You are now 1 years old.
'       You are now 7 years old.
'       You are now 9 years old.
'       You are now 13 years old.

public:
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::String ^ format, ReadOnlySpan<System::Object ^> args);

public static string Format(IFormatProvider? provider, string format, scoped ReadOnlySpan<object?> args);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * string * ReadOnlySpan<obj> -> string

Public Shared Function Format (provider As IFormatProvider, format As String, args As ReadOnlySpan(Of Object)) As String

public:
generic <typename TArg0, typename TArg1, typename TArg2>
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::Text::CompositeFormat ^ format, TArg0 arg0, TArg1 arg1, TArg2 arg2);

public static string Format<TArg0,TArg1,TArg2>(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, TArg0 arg0, TArg1 arg1, TArg2 arg2);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * System.Text.CompositeFormat * 'TArg0 * 'TArg1 * 'TArg2 -> string

Public Shared Function Format(Of TArg0, TArg1, TArg2) (provider As IFormatProvider, format As CompositeFormat, arg0 As TArg0, arg1 As TArg1, arg2 As TArg2) As String

public:
generic <typename TArg0, typename TArg1>
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::Text::CompositeFormat ^ format, TArg0 arg0, TArg1 arg1);

public static string Format<TArg0,TArg1>(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, TArg0 arg0, TArg1 arg1);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * System.Text.CompositeFormat * 'TArg0 * 'TArg1 -> string

Public Shared Function Format(Of TArg0, TArg1) (provider As IFormatProvider, format As CompositeFormat, arg0 As TArg0, arg1 As TArg1) As String

public:
generic <typename TArg0>
 static System::String ^ Format(IFormatProvider ^ provider, System::Text::CompositeFormat ^ format, TArg0 arg0);

public static string Format<TArg0>(IFormatProvider? provider, System.Text.CompositeFormat format, TArg0 arg0);

static member Format : IFormatProvider * System.Text.CompositeFormat * 'TArg0 -> string

Public Shared Function Format(Of TArg0) (provider As IFormatProvider, format As CompositeFormat, arg0 As TArg0) As String